13 Dec 1922 - 5 Dec 1936 part of the Transcaucasian S.F.S.R.
(see under Georgian S.S.R.)
First secretaries of the Communist Party
19 May 1921 - 29 Apr 1922 Sergey Lukashin (b. 1885 - d. 1937)
(executive secretary; from 7 Feb 1922 general secretary)
29 Apr 1922 - Mar 1923 Askanaz Mravyan (b. 1886 - d. 1929)
(general secretary)
Mar 1923 - 6 Jul 1927 Ashot Hovhannisyan (b. 1887 - d. 1972)
6 Jul 1927 - 5 Apr 1928 Haik Ovsepyan (b. 1891 - d. 1937)
5 Apr 1928 - 7 May 1930 Aykaz Kostanyan (b. 1898 - d. 1938)
7 May 1930 - 10 Jul 1936 Agasi Khandzhan (b. 1901 - d. 1936)
21 Sep 1936 - 23 Sep 1937 Amatuni Vartapetyan (b. 1900 - d. 1938)
23 Sep 1937 - 12 Mar 1953 Grigory Arutyunov (b. 1900 - d. 1957)
(acting to 6 Jun 1938)
12 Mar 1953 - 28 Dec 1960 Suren Tovmasyan (b. 1910 - d. 1980)
28 Dec 1960 - 5 Feb 1966 Yakov Zarobyan (b. 1908 - d. 1980)
5 Feb 1966 - 24 Nov 1974 Anton Kochinyan (b. 1913 - d. 1989)
24 Nov 1974 - 21 May 1988 Karen Demirchyan (b. 1932 - d. 1999)
21 May 1988 - 6 Apr 1990 Suren Arutyunyan (b. 1939 - d. 2019)
6 Apr 1990 - 30 Nov 1990 Vladimir Movsisyan (b. 1933 - d. 2014)
30 Nov 1990 - 14 May 1991 Stepan Pogosyan (b. 1932 - d. 2012)
14 May 1991 - 7 Sep 1991 Aram Sarkisyan (b. 1949)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
2 Feb 1922 - 23 Jun 1925 Sarkis Ambartsumyan (b. 1880 - d. 1944)
23 Jun 1925 - 7 Jul 1928 Artashes Karinyan (b. 1886 - d. 1982)
7 Jul 1928 - 14 Feb 1931 Sergey Kasyan (b. 1876 - d. 1937)
18 Feb 1931 - 23 Apr 1933 Armenek Ananyan (b. 1896 - d. 1958)
23 Apr 1933 - 17 Nov 1936 Sergo Martikyan (b. 1874 - d. 1957)
17 Nov 1936 - 29 Jul 1937 Gevorg Anesoglyan (b. 1891 - d. 1938)
29 Jul 1937 - 6 Oct 1937 Bakhshi Nersesyan (acting) (b. 1898 - d. ...)
6 Oct 1937 - 12 Jul 1938 Matsak Papyan (acting) (b. 1901 - d. 1962)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
12 Jul 1938 - 14 Jul 1938 Khachik Akopdzhanyan (b. 1902 - d. 1944)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
14 Jul 1938 - 1 Apr 1954 Matsak Papyan (s.a.)
1 Apr 1954 - 4 Apr 1963 Shmavon Arushanyan (b. 1903 - d. 1982)
4 Apr 1963 - 3 Jul 1975 Nagush Arutyunyan (b. 1912 - d. 1993)
3 Jul 1975 - 3 Dec 1985 Babken Sarkisov (b. 1913 - d. 1999)
6 Dec 1985 - 4 Aug 1990 Grant Voskanyan (b. 1924 - d. 2005)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
4 Aug 1990 - 11 Nov 1991 Levon Ter-Petrosyan (b. 1945)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
21 May 1922 - 23 Jun 1925 Sergey Lukashin (s.a.)
23 Jun 1925 - 22 Mar 1928 Sarkis Ambartsumyan (s.a.)
22 Mar 1928 - 10 Feb 1935 Saak Ter-Gabrielyan (b. 1886 - d. 1937)
10 Feb 1935 - Feb 1937 Aram Guloyan (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
May 1937 - 21 Sep 1937 Stepan Akopov (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
23 Nov 1937 - 8 Nov 1943 Aram Piruzyan (b. 1907 - d. 1996)
8 Nov 1943 - 31 Mar 1947 Agasi Sarkisyan (b. 1905 - d. 1985)
31 Mar 1947 - 1949 Saak Karapetyan (1st time) (b. 1906 - d. 1987)
1949 - 1950 Shmavon Arushanyan (s.a.)
1950 - Nov 1952 Saak Karapetyan (2nd time) (s.a.)
20 Nov 1952 - 5 Feb 1966 Anton Kochinyan (s.a.)
5 Feb 1966 - 21 Nov 1972 Badal Muradyan (b. 1915 - d. 1991)
21 Nov 1972 - 28 Nov 1976 Grigory Arzumanyan (b. 1919 - d. 1976)
17 Jan 1977 - 16 Jan 1989 Fadey Sarkisyan (b. 1923 - d. 2010)
16 Jan 1989 - 13 Aug 1990 Vladimir Markaryants (b. 1934 - d. 2000)
13 Aug 1990 - 25 Sep 1991 Vazgen Manukyan (b. 1946)
13 Dec 1922 - 5 Dec 1936 part of the Transcaucasian S.F.S.R.
(see under Georgian S.S.R.)
First secretaries of the Communist Party
12 Feb 1920 - 23 Oct 1920 Mirza Davud Husseynov (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
23 Oct 1920 - Jul 1921 Grigory Kaminsky (b. 1895 - d. 1938)
Jul 1921 - Jan 1926 Sergey Kirov (b. 1886 - d. 1934)
Jan 1926 - Aug 1929 Levon Mirzoyan (b. 1897 - d. 1939)
Aug 1929 - Jun 1930 Nikolay Gikalo (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
Jun 1930 - Feb 1933 Vladimir Polonsky (b. 1893 - d. 1939)
Feb 1933 - Dec 1933 Ruben Rubenov (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
Dec 1933 - Jul 1953 Mir Dzhafar Bagirov (b. 1896 - d. 1956)
Jul 1953 - Feb 1954 Mir Teimur Yakubov (b. 1904 - d. 1970)
7 Feb 1954 - 12 Jun 1959 Imam Mustafayev (b. 1910 - d. 1997)
11 Jul 1959 - 14 Jul 1969 Veli Akhundov (b. 1916 - d. 1986)
14 Jul 1969 - 3 Dec 1982 Heydar Aliyev (b. 1923 - d. 2003)
3 Dec 1982 - 21 May 1988 Kyamran Bagirov (b. 1933 - d. 2000)
21 May 1988 - 20 Jan 1990 Abdurakhman Vezirov (b. 1930 - d. 2022)
24 Jan 1990 - 14 Sep 1991 Ayaz Mutalibov (b. 1938 - d. 2022)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
28 Apr 1922 - Sep 1929 Samed Aga Aliyev (b. 1867 - d. 1930)
Sep 1929 - 15 Dec 1931 Gazanfar Musabekov (b. 1888 - d. 1938)
15 Dec 1931 - Jun 1937 Sultan Medzhid Efendiyev (b. 1887 - d. 1938)
Jun 1937 - 19 Jul 1938 Mir Bashir Kasumov (acting) (b. 1879 - d. 1949)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
19 Jul 1938 - 21 Jul 1938 Mir Teimur Yakubov (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
21 Jul 1938 - 23 Apr 1949 Mir Bashir Kasumov (s.a.)
May 1949 - 9 Mar 1954 Nazar Geydarov (b. 1896 - d. 1968)
9 Mar 1954 - 23 Jan 1958 Mirza Ibragimov (b. 1911 - d. 1993)
23 Jan 1958 - 7 Nov 1959 Ilyas Abdullayev (b. 1913 - d. 1985)
7 Nov 1959 - 18 Nov 1961 Saftar Dzhafarov (b. 1900 - d. 1961)
Dec 1961 - 25 Dec 1969 Mamed Iskenderov (b. 1915 - d. 1985)
25 Dec 1969 - 30 Dec 1985 Kurban Khalilov (b. 1906 - d. 2000)
30 Dec 1985 - 22 Jun 1989 Suleiman Tatliyev (b. 1925 - d. 2014)
22 Jun 1989 - 18 May 1990 Elmira Kafarova (f) (b. 1934 - d. 1993)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
Apr 1922 - Oct 1928 Gazanfar Musabekov (s.a.)
Oct 1928 - Feb 1932 Dadash Buniatzade (b. 1888 - d. 1938)
Feb 1932 - Dec 1933 Mir Dzhafar Bagirov (1st time) (s.a.)
Dec 1933 - Jun 1937 Usain Rakhmanov (b. 1902 - d. 1938)
Jun 1937 - Apr 1953 Teimur Kuliyev (1st time) (b. 1888 - d. 1965)
Apr 1953 - 7 Jul 1953 Mir Dzhafar Bagirov (2nd time) (s.a.)
Jul 1953 - Mar 1954 Teimur Kuliyev (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar 1954 - 8 Jul 1958 Sadykh Ragimov (b. 1914 - d. 1975)
8 Jul 1958 - 10 Jul 1959 Veli Akhundov (s.a.)
10 Jul 1959 - 29 Dec 1961 Mamed Iskenderov (s.a.)
29 Dec 1961 - 10 Apr 1970 Enver Alikhanov (b. 1917 - d. 1992)
10 Apr 1970 - 28 Jan 1981 Ali Ibragimov (b. 1913 - d. 1990)
28 Jan 1981 - 27 Jan 1989 Gasan Seidov (b. 1932 - d. 2004)
27 Jan 1989 - 25 Jan 1990 Ayaz Mutalibov (s.a.)
Jun 1941 - Jul 1944 German occupation; part of Ostland (see Latvian S.S.R.)
Executive secretaries (from 12 Dec 1925, first secretaries) of the Communist Party
9 Aug 1920 - 11 Nov 1920 Vilgelm Knorinsh (1st time) (b. 1890 - d. 1938)
(chairman)
10 May 1921 - 11 May 1922 Vilgelm Knorinsh (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 May 1922 - 10 Feb 1924 Vatslav Bogutsky (b. 1884 - d. 1937)
12 Feb 1924 - 29 Sep 1924 Aleksandr Asatkin-Vladimirsky (b. 1885 - d. 1937)
29 Sep 1924 - 5 May 1927 Aleksandr Krinitsky (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
5 May 1927 - 1 Dec 1928 Vilgelm Knorinsh (3rd time) (s.a.)
1 Dec 1928 - 5 Nov 1929 Yan Gamarnik (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
8 Jan 1930 - 23 Jan 1932 Konstantin Gey (b. 1896 - d. 1939)
23 Jan 1932 - 18 Mar 1937 Nikolay Gikalo (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
18 Mar 1937 - 29 Jul 1937 Vasily Sharangovich (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
29 Jul 1937 - 11 Aug 1937 Yakov Yakovlev (acting) (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
11 Aug 1937 - 19 Jun 1938 Aleksey Volkov (b. 1890 - d. 1942)
19 Jun 1938 - 7 Mar 1947 Panteleimon Ponomarenko (b. 1902 - d. 1984)
7 Mar 1947 - 3 Jun 1950 Nikolay Gusarov (b. 1905 - d. 1985)
3 Jun 1950 - 28 Jul 1956 Nikolay Patolichev (b. 1908 - d. 1989)
28 Jul 1956 - 30 Mar 1965 Kirill Mazurov (b. 1914 - d. 1989)
30 Mar 1965 - 4 Oct 1980 Pyotr Masherov (b. 1918 - d. 1980)
16 Oct 1980 - 11 Jan 1983 Tikhon Kiselyov (b. 1917 - d. 1983)
13 Jan 1983 - 6 Feb 1987 Nikolay Slyunkov (b. 1929 - d. 2022)
6 Feb 1987 - 30 Nov 1990 Yefrem Sokolov (b. 1926 - d. 2022)
30 Nov 1990 - Aug 1991 Anatoly Malofeyev (b. 1933 - d. 2022)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
1 Aug 1920 - 16 Jun 1937 Aleksandr Chervyakov (b. 1892 - d. 1937)
7 Jul 1937 - 14 Nov 1937 Mikhail Stakun (b. 1893 - d. 1943)
14 Nov 1937 - 25 Jul 1938 Nikifor Natalevich (b. 1900 - d. 1964)
(acting to 4 Jul 1938)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
25 Jul 1938 - 27 Jul 1938 Nadezhda Grekova (f) (b. 1910 - d. 2001)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (from 18 May 1990, chairmen of the
Supreme Soviet)
27 Jul 1938 - 17 Mar 1948 Nikifor Natalevich (s.a.)
1 Sep 1941 - 22 Sep 1943 Wilhelm Kube (Generalkommissar) (b. 1887 - d. 1943)
Sep 1943 - Jul 1944 Curt von Gottberg (b. 1896 - d. 1945)
(Generalkommissar)
17 Mar 1948 - 2 Dec 1967 Vasily Kozlov (b. 1903 - d. 1967)
2 Dec 1967 - 22 Jan 1968 Fyodor Surganov (1st time) (b. 1911 - d. 1976)
+ Valentina Klochkova (f)
(1st time) (b. 1924)
(acting)
22 Jan 1968 - 13 Jun 1971 Sergey Pritytsky (b. 1913 - d. 1971)
13 Jun 1971 - 16 Jul 1971 Fyodor Surganov (2nd time) (s.a.)
+ Valentina Klochkova (f)
(2nd time) (s.a.)
+ Ivan Klimov (b. 1903 - d. 1991)
(acting)
16 Jul 1971 - 26 Dec 1976 Fyodor Surganov (3rd time) (s.a.)
26 Dec 1976 - 28 Feb 1977 Vladimir Lobanok (b. 1907 - d. 1984)
+ Zinaida Bychkovskaya (f) (b. 1941)
(acting)
28 Feb 1977 - 29 Nov 1985 Ivan Polyakov (b. 1914 - d. 2004)
29 Nov 1985 - 28 Jul 1989 Georgy Tarazevich (b. 1937 - d. 2003)
28 Jul 1989 - 25 Aug 1991 Nikolay Dementyey (b. 1930 - d. 2018)
25 Aug 1991 - 18 Sep 1991 Stanislav Shushkevich (acting) (b. 1934 - d. 2022)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
1 Aug 1920 - 17 Mar 1924 Aleksandr Chervyakov (s.a.)
17 Mar 1924 - 7 May 1927 Iosif Adamovich (b. 1896 - d. 1937)
7 May 1927 - 30 May 1937 Nikolay Goloded (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
30 May 1937 - 8 Sep 1937 Daniil Volkovich (b. 1900 - d. 1937)
10 Sep 1937 - 28 Jul 1938 Afanasy Kovalev (b. 1903 - d. 1993)
28 Jul 1938 - 28 Jun 1940 Kuzma Kiselyov (b. 1903 - d. 1977)
28 Jun 1940 - 7 Feb 1944 Ivan Bylinsky (b. 1903 - d. 1976)
7 Feb 1944 - 15 Mar 1948 Panteleimon Ponomarenko (s.a.)
15 Mar 1948 - 25 Jun 1953 Aleksey Kleshchov (b. 1905 - d. 1968)
25 Jun 1953 - 28 Jul 1956 Kirill Mazurov (s.a.)
28 Jul 1956 - 9 Apr 1959 Nikolay Avkhimovich (b. 1907 - d. 1996)
9 Apr 1959 - 11 Dec 1978 Tikhon Kiselyov (s.a.)
11 Dec 1978 - 8 Jul 1983 Aleksandr Aksyonov (b. 1924 - d. 2009)
8 Jul 1983 - 10 Jan 1986 Vladimir Brovikov (b. 1931 - d. 1992)
10 Jan 1986 - 7 Apr 1990 Mikhail Kovalev (b. 1925 - d. 2007)
7 Apr 1990 - 21 Jul 1994 Vyacheslav Kebich (b. 1936 - d. 2020)
6 Aug 1940 accession to the Soviet Union
7 Jul 1941 - 24 Nov 1944 German occupation; part of Ostland (see Latvian S.S.R.)
First secretaries of the Communist Party
28 Aug 1940 - 1943 Karl Säre (b. 1903 - d. 1945)
1943 - Apr 1950 Nikolai Karotamm (b. 1901 - d. 1969)
(acting to 28 Sep 1944)
Apr 1950 - 26 Jul 1978 Johannes Käbin (b. 1905 - d. 1999)
26 Jul 1978 - 16 Jun 1988 Karl Vaino (b. 1923 - d. 2022)
16 Jun 1988 - Aug 1991 Vaino Väljas (b. 1931 - d. 2024)
(from Mar 1990, chairman)
24 Mar 1990 - Aug 1991 Enn-Arno Sillari (b. 1944)
Dec 1990 - Aug 1991 Lembit Annus (b. 1941 - d. 2018)
(Communist Party on CPSU Platform)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
25 Aug 1940 - 29 Nov 1946 Johannes Vares (b. 1890 - d. 1946)
5 Dec 1941 - 17 Sep 1944 Karl Sigismund Litzmann (b. 1893 - d. 1945)
(Generalkommissar)
29 Nov 1946 - 5 Mar 1947 Nigol Andresen (acting) (b. 1899 - d. 1985)
5 Mar 1947 - 4 Jul 1950 Eduard Päll (b. 1903 - d. 1989)
4 Jul 1950 - 4 Feb 1958 August Jakobson (b. 1904 - d. 1963)
4 Feb 1958 - 12 Oct 1961 Johan Eichfeld (b. 1893 - d. 1989)
12 Oct 1961 - 7 Oct 1970 Aleksei Müürisepp (b. 1902 - d. 1970)
7 Oct 1970 - 22 Dec 1970 Aleksander Ansberg (acting) (b. 1909 - d. 1975)
22 Dec 1970 - 25 May 1978 Artur Vader (b. 1920 - d. 1978)
25 May 1978 - 26 Jul 1978 Meta Vannas (f) (acting) (b. 1924 - d. 2002)
26 Jul 1978 - 8 Apr 1983 Johannes Käbin (s.a.)
8 Apr 1983 - 29 Mar 1990 Arnold Rüütel (b. 1928)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 25 Mar 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
25 Aug 1940 - 28 Aug 1941 Johannes Lauristin (b. 1899 - d. 1941)
15 Sep 1941 - 17 Sep 1944 Hjalmar Mäe (b. 1901 - d. 1978)
(Erster Landesdirektor)
17 Jun 1942 - 26 Sep 1944 Oskar Sepre (acting) (b. 1900 - d. 1965)
28 Sep 1944 - 29 Mar 1951 Arnold Veimer (b. 1903 - d. 1977)
29 Mar 1951 - 12 Oct 1961 Aleksei Müürisepp (s.a.)
12 Oct 1961 - 18 Jan 1984 Valter Klauson (b. 1914 - d. 1988)
18 Jan 1984 - 16 Nov 1988 Bruno Saul (b. 1932 - d. 2022)
16 Nov 1988 - 3 Apr 1990 Indrek Toome (b. 1943 - d. 2023)
13 Dec 1922 - 5 Dec 1936 part of the Transcaucasian S.F.S.R. (see below)
Executive secretaries (from 20 Nov 1927, first secretaries) of the Communist Party
1 Feb 1922 - Apr 1922 Mamia Orakhelashvili (b. 1881 - d. 1937)
Apr 1922 - Oct 1922 Mikhail Okudzhava (b. 1887 - d. 1937)
Oct 1922 - 1924 Vissarion Lominadze (b. 1897 - d. 1935)
1924 - 6 May 1930 Mikhail Kakhiani (b. 1896 - d. 1937)
6 May 1930 - 20 Nov 1930 Levan Gogoberidze (b. 1896 - d. 1937)
20 Nov 1930 - 13 Oct 1931 Samson Mamulia (b. 1892 - d. 1937)
13 Oct 1931 - 14 Nov 1931 Lavrenty Kartvelishvili (b. 1890 - d. 1938)
14 Nov 1931 - 31 Aug 1938 Lavrenty Beria (b. 1899 - d. 1953)
31 Aug 1938 - 2 Apr 1952 Kandid Charkviani (b. 1907 - d. 1994)
2 Apr 1952 - 14 Apr 1953 Akaki Mgeladze (b. 1910 - d. 1980)
14 Apr 1953 - 20 Sep 1953 Aleksandr Mirtskhulava (b. 1911 - d. 2009)
20 Sep 1953 - 28 Sep 1972 Vasily Mzhavanadze (b. 1902 - d. 1988)
28 Sep 1972 - 2 Jul 1985 Eduard Shevardnadze (b. 1928 - d. 2014)
6 Jul 1985 - 14 Apr 1989 Dzhumber Patiashvili (b. 1940)
14 Apr 1989 - 7 Dec 1990 Givi Gumbaridze (b. 1945)
7 Dec 1990 - 19 Feb 1991 Avtandil Margiani (b. 1945)
19 Feb 1991 - Aug 1991 Jemal Mikeladze (b. 1936 - d. 2014)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
25 Feb 1922 - 4 Jan 1924 Filipp Makharadze (1st time) (b. 1868 - d. 1941)
4 Jan 1924 - Mar 1925 Mikhail Tskhakaya (1st time) (b. 1865 - d. 1950)
Mar 1925 - 14 Jun 1927 Filipp Makharadze (2nd time) (s.a.)
14 Jun 1927 - Apr 1928 Lavrenty Kartvelishvili (s.a.)
Apr 1928 - Jun 1929 Filipp Makharadze (3rd time) (s.a.)
Jun 1929 - Dec 1930 Mikhail Tskhakaya (2nd time) (s.a.)
Jan 1931 - Jul 1938 Filipp Makharadze (4th time) (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
10 Jul 1938 - 10 Dec 1941 Filipp Makharadze (s.a.)
14 Dec 1941 - 26 Mar 1948 Georgy Sturua (b. 1884 - d. 1956)
26 Mar 1948 - 5 Apr 1952 Vasily Gogua (b. 1908 - d. 1967)
5 Apr 1952 - 15 Apr 1953 Zakhary Chkhubianishvili (b. 1903 - d. ...)
15 Apr 1953 - 29 Oct 1953 Vladimir Tskhovrebashvili (b. 1905 - d. 1977)
29 Oct 1953 - 18 Apr 1959 Miron Chubinidze (b. 1905 - d. ...)
18 Apr 1959 - 6 Jan 1976 Georgy Dzotsenidze (b. 1910 - d. 1976)
9 Jan 1976 - 29 Mar 1989 Pavel Gilashvili (b. 1918 - d. 1994)
29 Mar 1989 - 17 Nov 1989 Otar Cherkeziya (b. 1933)
17 Nov 1989 - 14 Nov 1990 Givi Gumbaridze (s.a.)
Chairman of the Supreme Council
14 Nov 1990 - 14 Apr 1991 Zviad Gamsakhurdia (b. 1939 - d. 1993)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 15 Apr 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
25 Feb 1922 - Apr 1923 Sergey Kavtaradze (b. 1885 - d. 1971)
Apr 1923 - Jan 1924 Polikarp Mdivani (b. 1877 - d. 1937)
5 Jan 1924 - Jun 1929 Shalva Eliava (b. 1883 - d. 1937)
Jun 1929 - 1930 Filipp Makharadze (s.a.)
1930 - Jan 1931 Levan Sukhishvili (1st time)
Jan 1931 - Jun 1937 German Mgaloblishvili (b. ... - d. 1937)
Jun 1937 - Sep 1937 Levan Sukhishvili (2nd time)
Sep 1937 - 2 Aug 1946 Valerian Bakradze (1st time) (b. 1901 - d. 1971)
4 Aug 1946 - 29 Mar 1952 Zakhary Chkhubianishvili (s.a.)
29 Mar 1952 - 7 May 1953 Zakhary Ketskhoveli (b. 1902 - d. 1970)
9 May 1953 - 21 Sep 1953 Valerian Bakradze (2nd time) (s.a.)
21 Sep 1953 - 17 Dec 1975 Givi Dzhavakhishvili (b. 1912 - d. 1985)
17 Dec 1975 - 5 Jun 1982 Zurab Pataridze (b. 1928 - d. 1982)
2 Jul 1982 - 12 Apr 1986 Dmitry Kartvelishvili (b. 1927)
12 Apr 1986 - 29 Mar 1989 Otar Cherkeziya (s.a.)
29 Mar 1989 - 14 Apr 1989 Zurab Chkheidze (b. 1930 - d. 2007)
14 Apr 1989 - 15 Nov 1990 Nodari Chitanava (b. 1935)
15 Nov 1990 - 18 Aug 1991 Tengiz Sigua (b. 1934 - d. 2020)
30 Dec 1922 accession to the Soviet Union First secretaries of the Communist Party 3 Nov 1922 - 11 Dec 1924 Aleksandr Myasnikyan (b. 1886 - d. 1925) 11 Dec 1924 - 8 Dec 1926 Grigory Ordzhonikidze (b. 1886 - d. 1937) 8 Dec 1926 - 27 Nov 1929 Mamia Orakhelashvili (1st time) (b. 1881 - d. 1937) 27 Nov 1929 - 8 May 1930 Aleksandr Krinitsky (b. 1894 - d. 1937) 8 May 1930 - 19 Nov 1930 Vissarion Lominadze (b. 1897 - d. 1935) 19 Nov 1930 - 31 Oct 1931 Lavrenty Kartvelishvili (b. 1890 - d. 1938) 31 Oct 1931 - 17 Oct 1932 Mamia Orakhelashvili (2nd time) (s.a.) 17 Oct 1932 - 4 Dec 1936 Lavrenty Beria (b. 1899 - d. 1953)
Co-chairmen of the Central Executive Committee - Line 1 (Armenian) - 16 Jan 1923 - Jun 1925 Sarkis Ambartsumyan (b. 1880 - d. 1944) Jun 1925 - Jul 1927 Sarkis Khanoyan (b. 1877 - d. 1937) Jul 1927 - Feb 1931 Sergey Kasyan (b. 1876 - d. 1937) Feb 1931 - Jan 1935 Armenek Ananyan Jan 1935 - 5 Dec 1936 Sergo Martikyan (b. 1874 - d. 1957) - Line 2 (Azerbaijani) - 16 Jan 1923 - 26 Jan 1930 Samed Aga Aliyev (b. 1867 - d. 1930) 26 Jan 1930 - 18 Jan 1931 vacant 18 Jan 1931 - 28 Jan 1932 Gazanfar Musabekov (b. 1888 - d. 1938) 28 Jan 1932 - 5 Dec 1936 Sultan Medzhid Efendiyev (b. 1887 - d. 1938) - Line 3 (Georgian) - 16 Jan 1923 - 1927 Mikhail Tskhakaya (1st time) (b. 1865 - d. 1950) 1927 - 1928 Filipp Makharadze (1st time) (b. 1868 - d. 1941) 1928 - Jan 1931 Mikhail Tskhakaya (2nd time) (s.a.) Jan 1931 - Mar 1935 Filipp Makharadze (2nd time) (s.a.) Mar 1935 - 27 May 1935 Avel Yenukidze (b. 1877 - d. 1937) 27 May 1935 - 5 Dec 1936 Filipp Makharadze (3rd time) (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars 13 Dec 1922 - 9 Jun 1927 Mamia Orakhelashvili (1st time) (s.a.) 9 Jun 1927 - 29 Jan 1931 Shalva Eliava (b. 1883 - d. 1937) 29 Jan 1931 - 28 Jan 1932 Mamia Orakhelashvili (2nd time) (s.a.) 28 Jan 1932 - 5 Dec 1936 Gazanfar Musabekov (s.a.)
26 Aug 1920 Kirgiz A.S.S.R. within Russian S.F.S.R.
19 Apr 1925 renamed Kazak A.S.S.R.
5 Feb 1936 re-spelled Kazakh A.S.S.R.
5 Dec 1936 becomes Kazakh S.S.R.
First secretaries of the Communist Party
5 Dec 1936 - 3 May 1938 Levon Mirzoyan (b. 1897 - d. 1939)
3 May 1938 - 1945 Nikolay Skvortsov (b. 1899 - d. 1974)
1945 - 22 Jun 1946 Gennady Borkov (b. 1905 - d. 1983)
22 Jun 1946 - 6 Mar 1954 Zhumabay Shayakhmetov (b. 1902 - d. 1966)
6 Mar 1954 - 7 May 1955 Panteleimon Ponomarenko (b. 1902 - d. 1984)
7 May 1955 - 6 Mar 1956 Leonid Brezhnev (b. 1906 - d. 1982)
6 Mar 1956 - 26 Dec 1957 Ivan Yakovlev (b. 1910 - d. 1999)
26 Dec 1957 - 19 Jan 1960 Nikolay Belyayev (b. 1903 - d. 1966)
19 Jan 1960 - 26 Dec 1962 Dinmukhamed Kunayev (1st time) (b. 1912 - d. 1993)
26 Dec 1962 - 7 Dec 1964 Ismail Yusupov (b. 1914 - d. 2005)
7 Dec 1964 - 16 Dec 1986 Dinmukhamed Kunayev (2nd time) (s.a.)
16 Dec 1986 - 22 Jun 1989 Gennady Kolbin (b. 1927 - d. 1998)
22 Jun 1989 - 28 Aug 1991 Nursultan Nazarbayev (b. 1940)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
11 Oct 1933 - Jun 1937 Uzakbay Kulumbetov (b. 1891 - d. 1938)
Jun 1937 - Jul 1937 Ismail Salvafeka (acting)
Jul 1937 - 28 Oct 1937 Alibi Dzhangildin (acting) (b. 1884 - d. 1953)
28 Oct 1937 - 15 Jul 1938 Nurbapa Umirzakov (b. 1907 - d. 1947)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
15 Jul 1938 - 17 Jul 1938 Salken Daulenov (b. 1907 - d. 1984)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
17 Jul 1938 - Jan 1947 Abdisamet Kazakpayev (b. 1898 - d. 1959)
Jan 1947 - 20 Mar 1947 Ivan Lukyanets (acting) (b. 1902 - d. 1994)
20 Mar 1947 - 23 Jan 1954 Daniyal Kerimbayev (b. 1909 - d. 1982)
23 Jan 1954 - 19 Apr 1955 Nurtas Undasynov (b. 1904 - d. 1989)
19 Apr 1955 - 20 Jan 1960 Zhumabek Tashenev (b. 1915 - d. 1986)
20 Jan 1960 - 25 Aug 1960 Fazyl Karibzhanov (b. 1912 - d. 1960)
25 Aug 1960 - 3 Jan 1961 Kapitolina Kryukova (f) (acting) (b. 1914 - d. 2002)
3 Jan 1961 - 5 Apr 1965 Isagali Sharipov (b. 1905 - d. 1976)
5 Apr 1965 - 20 Dec 1978 Sabir Niyazbekov (b. 1912 - d. 1989)
20 Dec 1978 - 14 Dec 1979 Isatay Abdukarimov (b. 1923 - d. 2001)
14 Dec 1979 - 22 Feb 1984 Sattar Imashev (b. 1925 - d. 1984)
22 Feb 1984 - 22 Mar 1984 Andrey Plotnikov (acting) (b. 1912 - d. 1991)
22 Mar 1984 - 27 Sep 1985 Bayken Ashimov (b. 1917 - d. 2010)
27 Sep 1985 - 9 Feb 1988 Salamat Mukashev (b. 1927 - d. 2004)
9 Feb 1988 - Dec 1988 Zakash Kamalidenov (b. 1936 - d. 2017)
Dec 1988 - 10 Mar 1989 Vera Sidorova (f) (acting) (b. 1934)
10 Mar 1989 - 22 Feb 1990 Makhtay Sagdiyev (b. 1929 - d. 2012)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
22 Feb 1990 - 24 Apr 1990 Nursultan Nazarbayev (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
May 1928 - May 1938 Uraz Isayev (b. 1899 - d. 1938)
May 1938 - 17 Jul 1938 Ibragim Tazhiyev (acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1960)
17 Jul 1938 - 24 Mar 1954 Nurtas Undasynov (s.a.)
24 Mar 1954 - 31 Mar 1955 Elubay Taybekov (b. 1901 - d. 1991)
31 Mar 1955 - 20 Jan 1960 Dinmukhamed Kunayev (1st time) (s.a.)
20 Jan 1960 - 6 Jan 1961 Zhumabek Tashenev (s.a.)
6 Jan 1961 - 13 Sep 1962 Salken Daulenov (s.a.)
13 Sep 1962 - 26 Dec 1962 Masymkhan Beysembayev (1st time) (b. 1908 - d. 1987)
26 Dec 1962 - 7 Dec 1964 Dinmukhamed Kunayev (2nd time) (s.a.)
7 Dec 1964 - 31 Mar 1970 Masymkhan Beysembayev (2nd time) (s.a.)
31 Mar 1970 - 22 Mar 1984 Bayken Ashimov (s.a.)
22 Mar 1984 - 27 Jul 1989 Nursultan Nazarbayev (s.a.)
27 Jul 1989 - 14 Oct 1991 Uzakbay Karamanov (b. 1937 - d. 2017)
14 Oct 1924 Kara-Kirgiz autonomous oblast within Russian S.F.S.R.
25 May 1925 Kirgiz autonomous oblast
1 Feb 1926 Autonomous Kirgiz Socialist Soviet Republic
5 Dec 1936 separated from Russian S.F.S.R. as Kirgiz S.S.R.
First secretaries of the Communist Party committee
18 Oct 1924 - 17 Aug 1925 Mikhail Kamensky (b. 1889 - d. 19...)
17 Aug 1925 - 27 Jun 1927 Nikolay Uzyukov (b. 1897 - d. 1937)
27 Jun 1927 - 29 Aug 1929 Vladimir Shubrikov (b. 1895 - d. 1937)
29 Aug 1929 - 8 Jun 1930 Mikhail Kulkov (b. 1891 - d. 1939)
10 Jun 1930 - Sep 1933 Aleksandr Shakhray (b. 1898 - d. 1949)
Sep 1933 - 22 Mar 1937 Moris Belotsky (b. 1895 - d. 1944)
First secretaries of the Communist Party
23 Apr 1937 - 7 Nov 1937 Maksim Ammosov (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
(acting to 16/17 Jun 1937)
20 Feb 1938 - 3 Jun 1945 Aleksey Vagov (b. 1905 - d. 1971)
(acting to 16 Jul 1938)
3 Jun 1945 - 7 Jul 1950 Nikolay Bogolyubov (b. 1905 - d. 1975)
7 Jul 1950 - 9 May 1961 Iskhak Razzakov (b. 1910 - d. 1979)
9 May 1961 - 2 Nov 1985 Turdakun Usubaliyev (b. 1919 - d. 2015)
2 Nov 1985 - 6 Apr 1991 Absamat Masaliyev (b. 1933 - d. 2004)
6 Apr 1991 - 29 Aug 1991 Jumgalbek Amanbayev (b. 1946 - d. 2005)
Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee
12 Nov 1924 - 27 Mar 1925 Imanali Aydarbekov (b. 1884 - d. 1938)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee (from 12 Mar 1927 Central Executive Committee)
31 Mar 1925 - 16 Sep 1937 Abdukadyr Urazbekov (b. 1889 - d. 1938)
16 Sep 1937 - 4 Oct 1937 Mikhail Us (b. 1896 - d. 1961)
+ Maryam Tugambayeva (f) (b. 1907 - d. 1986)
(acting)
4 Oct 1937 - 16 Dec 1937 Sultankul Shamurzin (acting) (b. 1906 - d. 1938)
16 Dec 1937 - 15 Feb 1938 Ivan Sokolov (acting) (b. 1897 - d. 19...)
15 Feb 1938 - 15 May 1938 Murat Salikhov (acting) (b. 1905 - d. 1938)
15 May 1938 - 18 Jul 1938 Kalima Amankulova (f) (acting) (b. 1915)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
18 Jul 1938 - 19 Jul 1938 Ivan Boryak (b. 1904 - d. 1941?)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
19 Jul 1938 - 22 Mar 1943 Asanaly Tolubayev (b. 1896 - d. 1962)
22 Mar 1943 - 14 Nov 1945 Moldogazy Tokobayev (b. 1905 - d. 1974)
14 Nov 1945 - 25 Aug 1978 Turabay Kulatov (b. 1908 - d. 1984)
25 Aug 1978 - 22 Dec 1978 Sultan Ibraimov (b. 1927 - d. 1980)
22 Dec 1978 - 10 Jan 1979 Andrey Buss (acting) (b. 1911 - d. 1980)
10 Jan 1979 - 14 Jan 1981 Arstanbek Duysheyev (b. 1932 - d. 2003)
14 Jan 1981 - 8 Aug 1987 Temirbek Koshoyev (b. 1931 - d. 2009)
8 Aug 1987 - 10 Apr 1990 Tashtanbek Akmatov (b. 1938)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
10 Apr 1990 - 27 Oct 1990 Absamat Masaliyev (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 28 Mar 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
12 Mar 1927 - 27 Sep 1933 Yusup Abdrakhmanov (b. 1901 - d. 1938)
27 Sep 1933 - 8 Sep 1937 Bayaly Isakeyev (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
8 Sep 1937 - 15 Feb 1938 Murat Salikhov (s.a.)
15 Feb 1938 - 27 Apr 1938 Ismail Abuzyarov (acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1938?)
27 Apr 1938 - 19 Jul 1938 Ivan Rebrov (acting) (b. 1890 - d. 19...)
20 Jul 1938 - 14 Nov 1945 Turabay Kulatov (s.a.)
14 Nov 1945 - 10 Jul 1950 Iskhak Razzakov (s.a.)
10 Jul 1950 - 6 Mar 1958 Abdy Suyerkulov (b. 1912 - d. 1992)
6 Mar 1958 - 10 May 1961 Kazy Dikambayev (b. 1913 - d. 2010)
10 May 1961 - 23 Jan 1968 Bolot Mambetov (b. 1907 - d. 1990)
23 Jan 1968 - 22 Dec 1978 Akhmatbek Suyumbayev (b. 1920 - d. 1993)
22 Dec 1978 - 4 Dec 1980 Sultan Ibraimov (s.a.)
4 Dec 1980 - 14 Jan 1981 Pyotr Khodos (acting) (b. 1928 - d. 1989)
14 Jan 1981 - 20 May 1986 Arstanbek Duysheyev (s.a.)
20 May 1986 - 21 Jan 1991 Apas Jumagulov (b. 1934)
5 Aug 1940 accession to the Soviet Union
1 Jul 1941 - 13 Oct 1944 German occupation; occupied Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
and Belorussia form the Ostland territory (formally
abolished 2 Feb 1945)
First secretaries of the Communist Party
25 Aug 1940 - 25 Nov 1959 Janis Kalnberzins (b. 1893 - d. 1986)
25 Nov 1959 - 15 Apr 1966 Arvids Pelse (b. 1899 - d. 1983)
15 Apr 1966 - 14 Apr 1984 Augusts Voss (b. 1916 - d. 1994)
14 Apr 1984 - 4 Oct 1988 Boriss Pugo (b. 1937 - d. 1991)
4 Oct 1988 - 7 Apr 1990 Janis Vagris (b. 1930 - d. 2023)
7 Apr 1990 - 24 Aug 1991 Alfreds Rubiks (b. 1935)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
25 Aug 1940 - 11 Apr 1952 Augusts Kirhensteins (b. 1872 - d. 1963)
1 Sep 1941 - 12 Aug 1944 Otto Heinrich Drechsler (b. 1895 - d. 1945)
(Generalkommissar)
12 Aug 1944 - 2 Feb 1945 W. von Borke
(acting Generalkommissar)
11 Apr 1952 - 27 Nov 1959 Karlis Ozolins (b. 1905 - d. 1987)
27 Nov 1959 - 5 May 1970 Janis Kalnberzins (s.a.)
5 May 1970 - 20 Aug 1974 Vitalijs Rubenis (b. 1914 - d. 1994)
20 Aug 1974 - 22 Jun 1985 Peteris Strautmanis (b. 1919 - d. 2007)
22 Jun 1985 - 6 Oct 1988 Janis Vagris (s.a.)
6 Oct 1988 - 6 Jul 1993 Anatolijs Gorbunovs (b. 1942)
(chairman Supreme Council from 3 May 1990)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from Aug 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
25 Aug 1940 - 27 Nov 1959 Vilis Lacis (b. 1904 - d. 1966)
27 Nov 1959 - 23 Apr 1962 Janis Peive (b. 1906 - d. 1976)
23 Apr 1962 - 5 May 1970 Vitalijs Rubenis (s.a.)
5 May 1970 - 6 Oct 1988 Jurijs Rubenis (b. 1925 - d. 2004)
6 Oct 1988 - 7 May 1990 Vilnis Edvins Bresis (b. 1938 - d. 2017)
Reichskommissare
17 Jul 1941 - 26 Sep 1944 Hinrich Lohse (b. 1896 - d. 1964)
26 Sep 1944 - 13 Oct 1944 Erich Koch (b. 1896 - d. 1986)
(nominally to 2 Feb 1945)
3 Aug 1940 accession to the Soviet Union
23 Jun 1941 independence declared
Jul 1941 - Oct 1944 German occupation; part of Ostland (see Latvian S.S.R.);
independent government allowed to function to 5 Aug 1941
First secretaries of the Communist Party
15 Aug 1940 - 22 Jan 1974 Antanas Snieckus (b. 1903 - d. 1974)
18 Feb 1974 - 14 Nov 1987 Petras Griskevicius (b. 1924 - d. 1987)
1 Dec 1987 - 20 Oct 1988 Ringaudas Bronislovas Songaila (b. 1929 - d. 2019)
20 Oct 1988 - Dec 1989 Algirdas Brazauskas (b. 1932 - d. 2010)
(continues as first secretary of Independent Communist
Party to Dec 1990)
Dec 1989 - Aug 1991 Mykolas Burokevicius (b. 1927 - d. 2016)
(Communist Party on CPSU Platform)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
25 Aug 1940 - 14 Apr 1967 Justas Paleckis (b. 1899 - d. 1980)
17 Jul 1941 - 1944 Theodor Adrian von Renteln (b. 1897 - d. 1946)
(Generalkommissar)
14 Apr 1967 - 24 Dec 1975 Motiejus Sumauskas (b. 1905 - d. 1982)
24 Dec 1975 - 18 Nov 1985 Antanas Barkauskas (b. 1917 - d. 2008)
18 Nov 1985 - 7 Dec 1987 Ringaudas Bronislovas Songaila (s.a.)
7 Dec 1987 - 15 Jan 1990 Vytautas Astrauskas (b. 1930 - d. 2017)
15 Jan 1990 - 11 Mar 1990 Algirdas Brazauskas (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 2 Apr 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
25 Aug 1940 - 16 Jan 1956 Mecislovas Gedvilas (b. 1901 - d. 1981)
23 Jun 1941 - 5 Aug 1941 Juozas Ambrazevicius (b. 1903 - d. 1974)
(prime minister, in rebellion)
16 Jan 1956 - 14 Apr 1967 Motiejus Sumauskas (s.a.)
14 Apr 1967 - 16 Jan 1981 Juozas Maniusis (b. 1910 - d. 1987)
16 Jan 1981 - 18 Nov 1985 Ringaudas Bronislovas Songaila (s.a.)
18 Nov 1985 - 17 Mar 1990 Vytautas Sakalauskas (b. 1933 - d. 2001)
2 Aug 1940 Moldavian A.S.S.R. within Ukrainian S.S.R. joined with
Bessarabia (previously part of Romania) to form
Moldavian S.S.R.
First secretaries of the Communist Party
15 Aug 1940 - 11 Feb 1942 Pyotr Borodin (b. 1905 - d. 1986)
13 Feb 1942 - 5 Jan 1946 Nikita Salogor (acting) (b. 1901 - d. 1981)
5 Jan 1946 - 3 Nov 1950 Nikolay Koval (b. 1904 - d. 1970)
3 Nov 1950 - 16 Apr 1952 Leonid Brezhnev (b. 1906 - d. 1982)
16 Apr 1952 - 8 Feb 1954 Dmitry Gladky (b. 1911 - d. 1959)
8 Feb 1954 - 29 May 1961 Zinovy Serdyuk (b. 1903 - d. 1982)
29 May 1961 - 31 Dec 1980 Ivan Bodyul (b. 1918 - d. 2013)
31 Dec 1980 - 16 Nov 1989 Semyon Grossu (b. 1934)
16 Nov 1989 - 4 Feb 1991 Pyotr Luchinsky (b. 1940)
4 Feb 1991 - Aug 1991 Grigory Yeremy (b. 1935)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
3 Aug 1940 - 29 Mar 1951 Fyodor Brovko (b. 1904 - d. 1960)
29 Mar 1951 - 5 Apr 1963 Ivan Koditsa (b. 1899 - d. 1980)
5 Apr 1963 - 10 Apr 1980 Kirill Ilyashenko (b. 1915 - d. 1980)
10 Apr 1980 - 24 Dec 1985 Ivan Kalin (b. 1935 - d. 2012)
24 Dec 1985 - 29 Jul 1989 Aleksandr Mokanu (b. 1934)
29 Jul 1989 - 3 Sep 1990 Mircha Snegur (b. 1940 - d. 2023)
(from 27 Apr 1990, chairman Supreme Soviet)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 4 Apr 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
2 Aug 1940 - 17 Apr 1945 Tikhon Konstantinov (b. 1898 - d. 1957)
19 Apr 1945 - 5 Jan 1946 Nikolay Koval (s.a.)
5 Jan 1946 - 23 Jan 1958 Gerasim Rud (b. 1907 - d. 1982)
23 Jan 1958 - 15 Apr 1970 Aleksandr Diorditsa (b. 1911 - d. 1996)
24 Apr 1970 - 1 Aug 1976 Pyotr Paskar (1st time) (b. 1929)
1 Aug 1976 - 30 Dec 1980 Semyon Grossu (s.a.)
30 Dec 1980 - 25 Dec 1985 Ivan Ustiyan (b. 1939)
25 Dec 1985 - 10 Jan 1990 Ivan Kalin (s.a.)
10 Jan 1990 - 26 May 1990 Pyotr Paskar (2nd time) (s.a.)
Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee
30 Mar 1919 - 15 Jul 1938 Mikhail Kalinin (b. 1875 - d. 1946)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
15 Jul 1938 - 19 Jul 1938 Andrey Zhdanov (b. 1896 - d. 1948)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
19 Jul 1938 - 4 Mar 1944 Aleksey Badayev (b. 1883 - d. 1951)
9 Apr 1943 - 4 Mar 1944 Ivan Vlasov (b. 1903 - d. 1969)
(acting for Badayev)
4 Mar 1944 - 25 Jun 1946 Nikolay Shvernik (b. 1888 - d. 1970)
25 Jun 1946 - 7 Jul 1950 Ivan Vlasov (s.a.)
7 Jul 1950 - 16 Apr 1959 Mikhail Tarasov (b. 1899 - d. 1970)
16 Apr 1959 - 26 Nov 1959 Nikolay Ignatov (1st time) (b. 1901 - d. 1966)
26 Nov 1959 - 20 Dec 1962 Nikolay Organov (b. 1901 - d. 1982)
20 Dec 1962 - 14 Nov 1966 Nikolay Ignatov (2nd time) (s.a.)
23 Dec 1966 - 26 Mar 1985 Mikhail Yasnov (b. 1906 - d. 1991)
26 Mar 1985 - 3 Oct 1988 Vladimir Orlov (b. 1921 - d. 1999)
3 Oct 1988 - 29 May 1990 Vitaly Vorotnikov (b. 1926 - d. 2012)
29 May 1990 - 10 Jul 1991 Boris Yeltsin (b. 1931 - d. 2007)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 23 Mar 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
8 Nov 1917 - 21 Jan 1924 Vladimir Lenin (b. 1870 - d. 1924)
2 Feb 1924 - 18 May 1929 Aleksey Rykov (b. 1881 - d. 1938)
18 May 1929 - 3 Nov 1930 Sergey Syrtsov (b. 1893 - d. 1937)
3 Nov 1930 - 22 Jul 1937 Danil Sulimov (b. 1890 - d. 1937)
22 Jul 1937 - 17 Sep 1938 Nikolay Bulganin (b. 1895 - d. 1975)
17 Sep 1938 - 2 Jun 1940 Vasily Vakhrushev (b. 1902 - d. 1947)
(acting to 29 Jul 1939)
2 Jun 1940 - 23 Jun 1943 Ivan Khokhlov (b. 1895 - d. 1973)
5 May 1942 - 2 May 1943 Konstantin Pamfilov (b. 1901 - d. 1943)
(acting for Khokhlov)
23 Jun 1943 - 23 Mar 1946 Aleksey Kosygin (b. 1904 - d. 1980)
23 Mar 1946 - 9 Mar 1949 Mikhail Rodionov (b. 1907 - d. 1950)
9 Mar 1949 - 20 Oct 1952 Boris Chernousov (b. 1908 - d. 1978)
20 Oct 1952 - 24 Jan 1956 Aleksandr Puzanov (b. 1906 - d. 1998)
24 Jan 1956 - 19 Dec 1957 Mikhail Yasnov (s.a.)
19 Dec 1957 - 27 Feb 1958 Frol Kozlov (b. 1908 - d. 1965)
31 Mar 1958 - 23 Nov 1962 Dmitry Polyansky (b. 1917 - d. 2001)
23 Nov 1962 - 23 Jul 1971 Gennady Voronov (b. 1910 - d. 1994)
23 Jul 1971 - 28 Jul 1971 Aleksey Shkolnikov (b. 1914 - d. 2003)
+ Nikolay Vasilyev (b. 1916 - d. 2011)
(acting)
28 Jul 1971 - 24 Jun 1983 Mikhail Solomentsev (b. 1913 - d. 2008)
24 Jun 1983 - 3 Oct 1988 Vitaly Vorotnikov (s.a.)
3 Oct 1988 - 15 Jun 1990 Aleksandr Vlasov (b. 1932 - d. 2002)
15 Jun 1990 - 26 Sep 1991 Ivan Silayev (b. 1930 - d. 2023)
31 Mar 1940 Karelian A.S.S.R. becomes Karelo-Finnish S.S.R.
1941 - 1944 partially occupied by Finnish troops
16 Jul 1956 reincorporated into the Russian S.F.S.R. as Karelian A.S.S.R.
First secretaries of the Communist Party
2 Apr 1940 - 25 Jan 1950 Gennady Kupriyanov (b. 1905 - d. 1979)
25 Jan 1950 - 27 Sep 1950 Aleksandr Kondakov (b. 1908 - d. 1954)
27 Sep 1950 - 16 Aug 1955 Aleksandr Yegorov (b. 1904 - d. 1988)
16 Aug 1955 - 16 Jul 1956 Leonid Lubennikov (b. 1910 - d. 1988)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
31 Mar 1940 - 11 Jul 1940 Mark Gorbachev (acting) (b. 1902 - d. 1964)
11 Jul 1940 - 16 Jul 1956 Otto Kuusinen (b. 1881 - d. 1964)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
31 Mar 1940 - 1940 Ivan Babkin (acting) (b. 1885 - d. 1940)
1940 - Feb 1947 Pavel Prokkonen (1st time) (b. 1909 - d. 1979)
Feb 1947 - 24 Feb 1950 Voldemar Virolainen (b. 1901 - d. 1983)
1950 - 16 Jul 1956 Pavel Prokkonen (2nd time) (s.a.)
Commandants of the Finnish military administration
15 Jul 1941 - 15 Jun 1942 Väinö Aleksanteri Kotilainen (b. 1887 - d. 1959)
15 Jun 1942 - 19 Aug 1943 Johan Viktor Arajuuri (b. 1894 - d. 1961)
19 Aug 1943 - Sep 1944 Martti Olavi Paloheimo (b. 1894 - d. 1974)
5 Dec 1929 Tadzhik A.S.S.R. within Uzbek S.S.R. becomes Tadzhik S.S.R.
First secretaries of the Communist Party
25 Nov 1929 - Feb 1930 Shirinsho Shotemor (b. 1899 - d. 1937)
(executive secretary)
Feb 1930 - 3 Nov 1933 Mirza Davud Husseynov (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
3 Nov 1933 - 3 Jan 1935 Grigory Broydo (b. 1883 - d. 1956)
3 Jan 1935 - 16 Jan 1937 Suren Shchadunts (b. 1898 - d. 1938)
16 Jan 1937 - 4 Oct 1937 Urumbay Ashurov (b. 1903 - d. 1938)
4 Oct 1937 - 5 Jun 1946 Dmitry Protopopov (b. 1897 - d. 1986)
5 Jun 1946 - 24 May 1956 Bobodzhan Gafurov (b. 1908 - d. 1977)
24 May 1956 - 12 Apr 1961 Tursun Uldzhabayev (b. 1916 - d. 1988)
12 Apr 1961 - 4 Apr 1982 Dzhabar Rasulov (b. 1913 - d. 1982)
20 Apr 1982 - 14 Dec 1985 Rakhman Nabiyev (b. 1930 - d. 1993)
14 Dec 1985 - 4 Sep 1991 Kakhar Makhkamov (b. 1932 - d. 2016)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
16 Dec 1926 - 28 Dec 1933 Nusratulla Lutfullayev (b. 1881 - d. 1937)
28 Dec 1933 - Dec 1936 Shirinsho Shotemor (s.a.)
Dec 1936 - Sep 1937 Abdullo Rakhimbayev (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
Oct 1937 - 13 Jul 1938 Munavar Shagadayev (b. 1898 - d. 19...)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
13 Jul 1938 - 15 Jul 1938 N. Ashurov
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
15 Jul 1938 - 29 Jul 1950 Munavar Shagadayev (s.a.)
29 Jul 1950 - 24 May 1956 Nazarsho Dodkhudoyev (b. 1915 - d. 2000)
24 May 1956 - 28 Mar 1963 Mirzo Rakhmatov (b. 1914 - d. 1998)
28 Mar 1963 - Jan 1984 Makhmadullo Kholov (b. 1920 - d. 19...)
Jan 1984 - 17 Feb 1984 Nizoramo Zaripova (f) (b. 1923)
+ Vladimir Oplanchuk (b. 1919 - d. 1991)
(acting)
17 Feb 1984 - 12 Apr 1990 Gaibnazar Pallayev (b. 1929 - d. 2000)
12 Apr 1990 - 30 Nov 1990 Kakhar Makhkamov (s.a.)
President
30 Nov 1990 - 31 Aug 1991 Kakhar Makhkamov (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
Mar 1928 - Dec 1929 Mumin Khodzhayev (b. 1897 - d. 19...)
Dec 1929 - 28 Dec 1933 Abdurakhim Khodzhibayev (b. 1900 - d. 1938)
28 Dec 1933 - Feb 1937 Abdullo Rakhimbayev (s.a.)
Feb 1937 - Sep 1937 Urumbay Ashurov (s.a.)
Sep 1937 - Apr 1946 Mamadali Kurbanov (b. 1905 - d. 1976)
Apr 1946 - 29 Mar 1955 Dzhabar Rasulov (s.a.)
29 Mar 1955 - 25 May 1956 Tursun Uldzhabayev (s.a.)
25 May 1956 - 12 Apr 1961 Nazarsho Dodkhudoyev (s.a.)
12 Apr 1961 - 24 Jul 1973 Abdulakhad Kakharov (b. 1913 - d. 1984)
24 Jul 1973 - 20 Apr 1982 Rakhman Nabiyev (s.a.)
26 Apr 1982 - 26 Jan 1986 Kakhar Makhkamov (s.a.)
26 Jan 1986 - 6 Dec 1990 Izatullo Khayoyev (b. 1936 - d. 2015)
13 May 1925 accession to the Soviet Union
First secretaries of the Communist Party
19 Nov 1924 - Sep 1925 Ivan Mezhlauk (b. 1891 - d. 1938)
1925 - 1928 Khalmurad Sakhatmuradov (b. 1898 - d. 1938)
11 May 1928 - Aug 1930 Grigory Aronshtam (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
Aug 1930 - 15 Apr 1937 Yakov Popok (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
17 Apr 1937 - Feb 1939 Yakov Chubin (b. 1893 - d. 1956)
Feb 1939 - Mar 1947 Mikhail Fonin (b. 1905 - d. 1974)
Mar 1947 - Jul 1951 Shadzha Batyrov (b. 1908 - d. 1965)
Jul 1951 - 14 Dec 1958 Sukhan Babayev (b. 1910 - d. 1995)
14 Dec 1958 - 4 May 1960 Dzhuma Karayev (b. 1910 - d. 1960)
13 Jun 1960 - 24 Dec 1969 Balysh Ovezov (b. 1915 - d. 1975)
24 Dec 1969 - 21 Dec 1985 Mukhamednazar Gapurov (b. 1922 - d. 1999)
21 Dec 1985 - 16 Dec 1991 Saparmurad Niyazov (b. 1940 - d. 2006)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
20 Feb 1925 - Aug 1937 Nedirbay Aytakov (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
Aug 1937 - Oct 1937 Batyr Atayev (b. 1901 - d. 1938)
Oct 1937 - 24 Jul 1938 Khivali Babayev (b. 1902 - d. 1942)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
24 Jul 1938 - 27 Jul 1938 Allaberdy Berdiyev (b. 1904 - d. 1964)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
27 Jul 1938 - Sep 1941 Khivali Babayev (s.a.)
Oct 1941 - Mar 1948 Allaberdy Berdiyev (s.a.)
Mar 1948 - 30 Mar 1959 Akmamed Sariyev (b. 1907 - d. ...)
30 Mar 1959 - 26 Mar 1963 Nurberdy Bairamov (b. 1912 - d. 1986)
26 Mar 1963 - 15 Dec 1978 Annamukhamed Klychev (b. 1912 - d. ...)
15 Dec 1978 - 13 Aug 1988 Bally Yazkuliyev (b. 1930)
13 Aug 1988 - 19 Jan 1990 Roza Bazarova (f) (b. 1933)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
19 Jan 1990 - 2 Nov 1990 Saparmurad Niyazov (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
20 Feb 1925 - 8 Jul 1937 Kaygisiz Atabayev (b. 1887 - d. 1938)
Aug 1937 - 17 Oct 1945 Aitbay Khudaybergenov (b. 1909 - d. 19...)
17 Oct 1945 - 13 Oct 1951 Sukhan Babayev (s.a.)
13 Oct 1951 - 14 Jan 1958 Balysh Ovezov (1st time) (s.a.)
14 Jan 1958 - 18 Jun 1959 Dzhuma Karayev (s.a.)
18 Jun 1959 - 13 Jun 1960 Balysh Ovezov (2nd time) (s.a.)
13 Jun 1960 - 26 Mar 1963 Abdy Annaliyev (b. 1920 - d. 2007)
26 Mar 1963 - 24 Dec 1969 Mukhamednazar Gapurov (s.a.)
25 Dec 1969 - 17 Dec 1975 Oraz Orazmukhamedov (b. 1930)
17 Dec 1975 - 15 Dec 1978 Bally Yazkuliyev (s.a.)
15 Dec 1978 - 26 Mar 1985 Chary Karriyev (b. 1932)
26 Mar 1985 - 4 Dec 1985 Saparmurad Niyazov (s.a.)
18 Jan 1986 - 17 Nov 1989 Annamurad Khodzhamuradov (b. 1935 - d. 2006)
6 Dec 1989 - 30 Oct 1990 Khan Akhmedov (b. 1936 - d. 2006)
Jun 1941 - 1944 German occupation
First secretaries (20 Mar 1925 - 23 Jan 1934, general secretaries) of the Communist Party
15 Dec 1921 - 10 Apr 1923 Dmitry Manuilsky (b. 1883 - d. 1959)
10 Apr 1923 - 7 Apr 1925 Emmanuil Kviring (b. 1888 - d. 1937)
7 Apr 1925 - 14 Jul 1928 Lazar Kaganovich (1st time) (b. 1893 - d. 1991)
14 Jul 1928 - 27 Jan 1938 Stanislav Kosior (b. 1889 - d. 1939)
27 Jan 1938 - 3 Mar 1947 Nikita Khrushchev (1st time) (b. 1894 - d. 1971)
(acting to 18 Jun 1938)
3 Mar 1947 - 26 Dec 1947 Lazar Kaganovich (2nd time) (s.a.)
26 Dec 1947 - 16 Dec 1949 Nikita Khrushchev (2nd time) (s.a.)
16 Dec 1949 - 4 Jun 1953 Leonid Melnikov (b. 1906 - d. 1981)
4 Jun 1953 - 26 Dec 1957 Aleksey Kirichenko (b. 1908 - d. 1975)
26 Dec 1957 - 2 Jul 1963 Nikolay Podgorny (b. 1903 - d. 1983)
2 Jul 1963 - 25 May 1972 Pyotr Shelest (b. 1908 - d. 1996)
25 May 1972 - 28 Sep 1989 Vladimir Shcherbitsky (b. 1918 - d. 1990)
28 Sep 1989 - 22 Jun 1990 Vladimir Ivashko (b. 1932 - d. 1994)
22 Jun 1990 - 1 Sep 1991 Stanislav Gurenko (b. 1936 - d. 2013)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
10 Mar 1919 - Mar 1938 Grigory Petrovsky (b. 1878 - d. 1958)
Mar 1938 - 25 Jul 1938 Leonid Korniyets (b. 1901 - d. 1969)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
25 Jul 1938 - 27 Jul 1938 Mikhail Burmistenko (b. 1902 - d. 1941)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
27 Jul 1938 - Jul 1939 Leonid Korniyets (s.a.)
Jul 1939 - 18 Jan 1954 Mikhail Grechukha (b. 1902 - d. 1976)
20 Aug 1941 - 6 Oct 1943 Erich Koch (b. 1896 - d. 1986)
(Reichskommissar)
Oct 1943 - 1944 Curt von Gottberg (b. 1896 - d. 1945)
(Reichskommissar)
18 Jan 1954 - 7 Apr 1969 Demyan Korotchenko (b. 1894 - d. 1969)
10 Jun 1969 - Jun 1972 Aleksandr Lyashko (b. 1915 - d. 2002)
28 Jul 1972 - 24 Jun 1976 Ivan Grushetsky (b. 1904 - d. 1982)
24 Jun 1976 - 22 Nov 1984 Aleksey Vatchenko (b. 1914 - d. 1984)
22 Nov 1984 - 4 Jun 1990 Valentina Shevchenko (f) (b. 1935 - d. 2020)
(acting to 27 Mar 1985)
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
4 Jun 1990 - 23 Jul 1990 Vladimir Ivashko (s.a.)
23 Jul 1990 - 5 Dec 1991 Leonid Kravchuk (b. 1934 - d. 2022)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 25 Mar 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
19 Feb 1920 - 15 Jul 1923 Khristian Rakovsky (b. 1873 - d. 1941)
15 Jul 1923 - 28 Apr 1934 Vlas Chubar (b. 1891 - d. 1939)
28 Apr 1934 - 30 Aug 1937 Panas Lyubchenko (b. 1897 - d. 1937)
1 Sep 1937 - Oct 1937 Mikhail Bondarenko (b. 1903 - d. 1938)
Oct 1937 - 21 Feb 1938 Nikolay Marchak (acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1938)
21 Feb 1938 - 6 Aug 1939 Demyan Korotchenko (1st time) (s.a.)
6 Aug 1939 - 16 Feb 1944 Leonid Korniyets (s.a.)
16 Feb 1944 - 4 Mar 1947 Nikita Khrushchev (s.a.)
4 Mar 1947 - 15 Jan 1954 Demyan Korotchenko (2nd time) (s.a.)
15 Jan 1954 - 28 Feb 1961 Nikifor Kalchenko (b. 1906 - d. 1989)
28 Feb 1961 - 28 Jun 1963 Vladimir Shcherbitsky (1st time) (s.a.)
28 Jun 1963 - 22 Oct 1965 Ivan Kazanets (b. 1918 - d. 2013)
22 Oct 1965 - 8 Jun 1972 Vladimir Shcherbitsky (2nd time) (s.a.)
8 Jun 1972 - 10 Jul 1987 Aleksandr Lyashko (s.a.)
10 Jul 1987 - 23 Oct 1990 Vitaly Masol (b. 1928 - d. 2018)
23 Oct 1990 - 2 Oct 1992 Vitold Fokin (b. 1932)
(acting to 14 Nov 1990)
13 May 1925 accession to the Soviet Union
First secretaries of the Communist Party
13 Feb 1925 - 1927 Vladimir Ivanov (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
Feb 1927 - Apr 1929 Kupriyan Kirkizh (b. 1888 - d. 1932)
1929 - Aug 1929 Nikolay Gikalo (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
1929 Isaak Zelensky (b. 1890 - d. 1938)
1929 - 27 Sep 1937 Akmal Ikramov (b. 1898 - d. 1938)
27 Sep 1937 - Apr 1950 Usman Yusupov (b. 1900 - d. 1966)
Apr 1950 - 22 Dec 1955 Amin Niyazov (b. 1903 - d. 1973)
22 Dec 1955 - 28 Dec 1957 Nuritdin Mukhitdinov (b. 1917 - d. 2008)
28 Dec 1957 - 15 Mar 1959 Sabir Kamalov (b. 1910 - d. 1990)
15 Mar 1959 - 31 Oct 1983 Sharaf Rashidov (b. 1917 - d. 1983)
3 Nov 1983 - 12 Jan 1988 Inamdzhan Usmankhodzhayev (b. 1930 - d. 2017)
12 Jan 1988 - 23 Jun 1989 Rafik Nishanov (b. 1926 - d. 2023)
23 Jun 1989 - 3 Nov 1991 Islam Karimov (b. 1938 - d. 2016)
Chairman of the Central Executive Committee
17 Feb 1925 - 19 Jul 1938 Yuldash Akhunbabayev (b. 1885 - d. 1943)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
19 Jul 1938 - 21 Jul 1938 Usman Yusupov (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
21 Jul 1938 - 28 Feb 1943 Yuldash Akhunbabayev (s.a.)
28 Feb 1943 - 21 Mar 1943 Poshcha Makhmudova (f)
[+ ...] (acting)
21 Mar 1943 - 17 Mar 1947 Abduvali Muminov
17 Mar 1947 - 21 Aug 1950 Amin Niyazov (s.a.)
21 Aug 1950 - 24 Mar 1959 Sharaf Rashidov (s.a.)
24 Mar 1959 - 25 Sep 1970 Yadgar Nasriddinova (f) (b. 1920 - d. 2006)
25 Sep 1970 - 20 Dec 1978 Nazar Matchanov (b. 1923 - d. 2010)
20 Dec 1978 - 21 Dec 1983 Inamdzhan Usmankhodzhayev (s.a.)
21 Dec 1983 - 9 Dec 1986 Akil Salimov (b. 1928)
9 Dec 1986 - 9 Apr 1988 Rafik Nishanov (s.a.)
9 Apr 1988 - 6 Mar 1989 Pulat Khabibullayev (b. 1936 - d. 2010)
6 Mar 1989 - 24 Mar 1990 Mirzolim Ibragimov (b. 1928 - d. 2014)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
(from 1946, chairmen of the Council of Ministers)
17 Feb 1925 - 17 Jun 1937 Fayzulla Khodzhayev (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
26 Jul 1937 - Oct 1937 Abdulla Karimov (b. 1896 - d. 1940)
Oct 1937 - Jul 1938 Sultan Segizbayev (b. 1899 - d. 1939)
23 Jul 1938 - 21 Aug 1950 Abdudzhabar Abdurakhmanov (b. 1907 - d. 1975)
21 Aug 1950 - 18 May 1951 Abdurazak Mavlyanov (b. 1908 - d. 1975)
18 May 1951 - 7 Apr 1953 Nuritdin Mukhitdinov (1st time) (s.a.)
7 Apr 1953 - 18 Dec 1954 Usman Yusupov (s.a.)
18 Dec 1954 - 22 Dec 1955 Nuritdin Mukhitdinov (2nd time) (s.a.)
22 Dec 1955 - 30 Dec 1957 Sabir Kamalov (s.a.)
30 Dec 1957 - 16 Mar 1959 Mansur Mirza-Akhmedov (b. 1909 - d. 1971)
16 Mar 1959 - 27 Sep 1961 Arif Alimov (b. 1912 - d. 2005)
27 Sep 1961 - 25 Feb 1971 Rakhmankul Kurbanov (b. 1912 - d. 2012)
25 Feb 1971 - 3 Dec 1984 Narmakhonmadi Khudayberdyev (b. 1928 - d. 2011)
3 Dec 1984 - 21 Oct 1989 Gayrat Kadyrov (b. 1939)
21 Oct 1989 - 24 Mar 1990 Mirakhmat Mirkasimov (b. 1941)
24 Mar 1990 - 1 Nov 1990 Shukurulla Mirsaidov (b. 1939 - d. 2012)