Rulers: Sweden

Ministries, etc.


Key ministries


Foreign Affairs

Ministers
31 Jul 1945 - 19 Sep 1962  Östen Undén (2nd time)             (b. 1886 - d. 1974)
19 Sep 1962 -  1 Jul 1971  Torsten Nilsson                    (b. 1905 - d. 1997)
 1 Jul 1971 -  2 Nov 1973  Krister Wickman                    (b. 1924 - d. 1993)
 2 Nov 1973 -  8 Oct 1976  Sven Olof Andersson                (b. 1910 - d. 1987)
 8 Oct 1976 - 18 Oct 1978  Karin Söder (f)                    (b. 1928 - d. 2015)
18 Oct 1978 - 12 Oct 1979  Hans Blix                          (b. 1928)
12 Oct 1979 -  8 Oct 1982  Ola Ullsten                        (b. 1931 - d. 2018)
 8 Oct 1982 - 14 Oct 1985  Lennart Bodström                   (b. 1928 - d. 2015)
14 Oct 1985 -  4 Oct 1991  Sten Andersson                     (b. 1923 - d. 2006)
 4 Oct 1991 -  7 Oct 1994  Margaretha af Ugglas (f)           (b. 1939)
 7 Oct 1994 -  6 Oct 1998  Lena Hjelm-Wallén (f)              (b. 1943)
 6 Oct 1998 - 11 Sep 2003  Anna Lindh (f)                     (b. 1957 - d. 2003)
11 Sep 2003 -  3 Oct 2003  Jan O. Karlsson (acting)           (b. 1939 - d. 2016)
 3 Oct 2003 - 21 Mar 2006  Laila Freivalds (f)                (b. 1942)
21 Mar 2006 - 27 Mar 2006  Bosse Ringholm (acting)            (b. 1942)
27 Mar 2006 - 24 Apr 2006  Carin Jämtin (f) (acting)          (b. 1964)
24 Apr 2006 -  6 Oct 2006  Jan Eliasson                       (b. 1940)
 6 Oct 2006 -  3 Oct 2014  Carl Bildt                         (b. 1949)
 3 Oct 2014 - 10 Sep 2019  Margot Wallström (f)               (b. 1954)
10 Sep 2019 - 18 Oct 2022  Ann Linde (f)                      (b. 1961)
18 Oct 2022 - 10 Sep 2024  Tobias Billström                   (b. 1973)
10 Sep 2024 -              Maria Malmer Stenergard (f)        (b. 1981)

Defense

Ministers
31 Jul 1945 -  1 Oct 1951  Allan Vougt                        (b. 1895 - d. 1953)
 1 Oct 1951 - 22 Mar 1957  Torsten Nilsson                    (b. 1905 - d. 1997)
22 Mar 1957 -  2 Nov 1973  Sven Olof Andersson                (b. 1910 - d. 1987)
 2 Nov 1973 -  8 Oct 1976  Eric Holmqvist                     (b. 1917 - d. 2009)
 8 Oct 1976 - 18 Oct 1978  Eric Krönmark (1st time)           (b. 1931 - d. 2024)
18 Oct 1978 - 12 Oct 1979  Lars De Geer                       (b. 1922 - d. 2002)
12 Oct 1979 -  5 May 1981  Eric Krönmark (2nd time)           (s.a.)
 5 May 1981 - 22 May 1981  Anders Dahlgren (acting)           (b. 1925 - d. 1986)
22 May 1981 -  8 Oct 1982  Torsten Gustafsson                 (b. 1920 - d. 1994)
 8 Oct 1982 -  1 Dec 1982  Börje Andersson                    (b. 1930 - d. 1994)
 1 Dec 1982 - 17 Jan 1983  Curt Boström (acting)              (b. 1926 - d. 2014)
17 Jan 1983 - 14 Oct 1985  Anders Thunborg                    (b. 1934 - d. 2004)
14 Oct 1985 -  4 Oct 1991  Roine Carlsson                     (b. 1937 - d. 2020)
 4 Oct 1991 -  3 Oct 1994  Anders Björck                      (b. 1944)
 3 Oct 1994 -  7 Oct 1994  Per Unckel (acting)                (b. 1948 - d. 2011)
 7 Oct 1994 -  1 Feb 1997  Thage G. Peterson                  (b. 1933)
 1 Feb 1997 - 30 Sep 2002  Björn von Sydow                    (b. 1945)
30 Sep 2002 - 21 Oct 2002  Lena Hjelm-Wallén (f)              (b. 1943)
21 Oct 2002 -  4 Nov 2002  Pär Nuder (acting)                 (b. 1963)
 4 Nov 2002 -  6 Oct 2006  Leni Björklund (f)                 (b. 1944)
 6 Oct 2006 -  5 Sep 2007  Mikael Odenberg                    (b. 1953)
 5 Sep 2007 - 29 Mar 2012  Sten Tolgfors                      (b. 1966)
29 Mar 2012 - 18 Apr 2012  Catharina Elmsäter-Svärd (f)       (b. 1965)
                           (acting)
18 Apr 2012 -  3 Oct 2014  Karin Enström (f)                  (b. 1966)
 3 Oct 2014 - 18 Oct 2022  Peter Hultqvist                    (b. 1958)
18 Oct 2022 -              Pål Jonson                         (b. 1972)

Finance

Ministers
28 Sep 1936 -  1 Jul 1949  Ernst Wigforss                     (b. 1881 - d. 1977)
 1 Jul 1949 - 21 Oct 1949  David Hall                         (b. 1898 - d. 1957)
21 Oct 1949 - 12 Sep 1955  Per Edvin Sköld                    (b. 1891 - d. 1972)
12 Sep 1955 -  8 Oct 1976  Gunnar Sträng                      (b. 1906 - d. 1992)
- Budget -
 8 Oct 1976 - 31 Jul 1980  Ingemar Mundebo                    (b. 1930 - d. 2018)
31 Jul 1980 -  8 Oct 1982  Rolf Wirtén                        (b. 1931 - d. 2023)
 8 Oct 1982 - 31 Dec 1982  Kjell-Olof Feldt                   (b. 1931)
- Economy -
 8 Oct 1976 - 18 Oct 1978  Gösta Bohman (1st time)            (b. 1911 - d. 1997)
18 Oct 1978 - 12 Oct 1979  Ingemar Mundebo                    (s.a.)
12 Oct 1979 - 22 May 1981  Gösta Bohman (2nd time)            (s.a.)
22 May 1981 -  8 Oct 1982  Rolf Wirtén                        (s.a.)
- Finance -
 1 Jan 1983 - 16 Feb 1990  Kjell-Olof Feldt                   (s.a.)
16 Feb 1990 - 27 Feb 1990  Odd Engström (acting)              (b. 1941 - d. 1998)
27 Feb 1990 -  4 Oct 1991  Allan Larsson                      (b. 1938)
 4 Oct 1991 -  7 Oct 1994  Anne Wibble (f)                    (b. 1943 - d. 2000)
 7 Oct 1994 - 22 Mar 1996  Göran Persson                      (b. 1949)
22 Mar 1996 - 12 Apr 1999  Erik Åsbrink                       (b. 1947)
12 Apr 1999 - 21 Oct 2004  Bosse Ringholm                     (b. 1942)
21 Oct 2004 -  6 Oct 2006  Pär Nuder                          (b. 1963)
 6 Oct 2006 -  3 Oct 2014  Anders Borg                        (b. 1968)
 3 Oct 2014 - 30 Nov 2021  Magdalena Andersson (f)            (b. 1967)
30 Nov 2021 - 18 Oct 2022  Mikael Damberg                     (b. 1971)
18 Oct 2022 -              Elisabeth Svantesson (f)           (b. 1967)

Interior

 1 Jul 1947                Ministry of the Interior established
31 Dec 1973                abolished
 1 Jul 1996                Ministry of Civil Service renamed Ministry of the Interior
31 Dec 1998                abolished
 3 Oct 2014                post restored (within Ministry of Justice)

Ministers
 1 Jul 1947 -  1 Oct 1951  Eije Mossberg                      (b. 1908 - d. 1997)
 1 Oct 1951 - 31 Oct 1957  Gunnar Hedlund                     (b. 1900 - d. 1989)
31 Oct 1957 - 24 Jan 1969  Rune Johansson                     (b. 1915 - d. 1982)
24 Jan 1969 -  2 Nov 1973  Eric Holmqvist                     (b. 1917 - d. 2009)
 2 Nov 1973 - 31 Dec 1973  Ingemund Bengtsson                 (b. 1919 - d. 2000)
 1 Jul 1996 -  7 Oct 1998  Jörgen Andersson                   (b. 1946)
 7 Oct 1998 - 16 Nov 1998  Lars Engqvist                      (b. 1945)
16 Nov 1998 - 31 Dec 1998  Lars-Erik Lövdén                   (b. 1950)
 3 Oct 2014 - 27 Jul 2017  Anders Ygeman                      (b. 1970)
27 Jul 2017 - 21 Jan 2019  Morgan Johansson (1st time)        (b. 1970)
21 Jan 2019 - 30 Nov 2021  Mikael Damberg                     (b. 1971)
30 Nov 2021 - 18 Oct 2022  Morgan Johansson (2nd time)        (s.a.)

Justice

Ministers
31 Jul 1945 - 31 Oct 1957  Herman Zetterberg                  (b. 1904 - d. 1963)
31 Oct 1957 -  1 Dec 1959  Ingvar Lindell                     (b. 1904 - d. 1993)
 1 Dec 1959 - 14 Oct 1969  Herman Kling                       (b. 1913 - d. 1985)
14 Oct 1969 -  8 Oct 1976  Lennart Geijer                     (b. 1909 - d. 1999)
 8 Oct 1976 - 12 Oct 1979  Sven Romanus                       (b. 1906 - d. 2005)
12 Oct 1979 - 22 May 1981  Håkan Winberg                      (b. 1931 - d. 2022)
22 May 1981 -  8 Oct 1982  Carl Axel Petri                    (b. 1929 - d. 2017)
 8 Oct 1982 -  9 Nov 1983  Ove Rainer                         (b. 1925 - d. 1987)
 9 Nov 1983 - 15 Nov 1983  Anna-Greta Leijon (f) (1st time)   (b. 1939 - d. 2024)
                           (acting)
15 Nov 1983 - 19 Oct 1987  Sten Wickbom                       (b. 1931 - d. 2015)
19 Oct 1987 -  7 Jun 1988  Anna-Greta Leijon (f) (2nd time)   (s.a.)
 7 Jun 1988 -  4 Oct 1988  Thage G. Peterson                  (b. 1933)
 4 Oct 1988 -  4 Oct 1991  Laila Freivalds (f) (1st time)     (b. 1942)
 4 Oct 1991 -  7 Oct 1994  Gun Hellsvik (f)                   (b. 1942 - d. 2016)
 7 Oct 1994 - 21 Sep 2000  Laila Freivalds (f) (2nd time)     (s.a.)
21 Sep 2000 - 11 Oct 2000  Lena Hjelm-Wallén (f)              (b. 1943)
11 Oct 2000 -  6 Oct 2006  Thomas Bodström                    (b. 1962)
 6 Oct 2006 -  3 Oct 2014  Beatrice Ask (f)                   (b. 1956)
 3 Oct 2014 - 18 Oct 2022  Morgan Johansson                   (b. 1970)
18 Oct 2022 -              Gunnar Strömmer                    (b. 1972)

Parliament


Riksdag

Speakers
- First Chamber -
       1937 -        1955  Johan Nilsson                      (b. 1873 - d. 1963)
       1956 -        1959  John Bergvall                      (b. 1892 - d. 1959)
       1959 -        1964  Gustaf Sundelin                    (b. 1890 - d. 1970)
       1965 - 31 Dec 1970  Erik Boheman                       (b. 1895 - d. 1979)
- Second Chamber -
       1933 -        1952  August Sävström                    (b. 1879 - d. 1960)
       1953 -        1957  Gustaf Nilsson                     (b. 1900 - d. 1977)
       1958 - 17 Jul 1960  Patrik Svensson                    (b. 1895 - d. 1960)
       1960 -        1968  Fridolf Thapper                    (b. 1899 - d. 1974)
       1969 - 31 Dec 1970  Henry Allard                       (b. 1911 - d. 1996)
- unicameral Riksdag -
 1 Jan 1971 -  1 Oct 1979  Henry Allard                       (s.a.)
 1 Oct 1979 -  3 Oct 1988  Ingemund Bengtsson                 (b. 1919 - d. 2000)
 3 Oct 1988 - 30 Sep 1991  Thage G. Peterson                  (b. 1933)
30 Sep 1991 -  3 Oct 1994  Ingegerd Troedsson (f)             (b. 1929 - d. 2012)
 3 Oct 1994 - 30 Sep 2002  Birgitta Dahl (f)                  (b. 1937 - d. 2024)
30 Sep 2002 -  2 Oct 2006  Björn von Sydow                    (b. 1945)
 2 Oct 2006 - 29 Sep 2014  Per Westerberg                     (b. 1951)
29 Sep 2014 - 24 Sep 2018  Urban Ahlin                        (b. 1964)
24 Sep 2018 -              Andreas Norlén                     (b. 1973)

Political parties


Social Democratic Workers' Party

Leaders
       1896 -        1907  Claes Tholin                       (b. 1860 - d. 1927)
       1907 - 24 Feb 1925  Karl Hjalmar Branting              (b. 1860 - d. 1925)
       1925 -  6 Oct 1946  Per Albin Hansson                  (b. 1885 - d. 1946)
       1946 -  1 Oct 1969  Tage Fritiof Erlander              (b. 1901 - d. 1985)
 1 Oct 1969 - 28 Feb 1986  Olof Palme                         (b. 1927 - d. 1986)
 3 Mar 1986 - 15 Mar 1996  Ingvar Carlsson                    (b. 1934)
15 Mar 1996 - 17 Mar 2007  Göran Persson                      (b. 1949)
17 Mar 2007 - 25 Mar 2011  Mona Sahlin (f)                    (b. 1957)
25 Mar 2011 - 21 Jan 2012  Håkan Juholt                       (b. 1962)
27 Jan 2012 -  4 Nov 2021  Stefan Löfven                      (b. 1957)
 4 Nov 2021 -              Magdalena Andersson (f)            (b. 1967)

Moderate Party

       1904                General Electoral Association
       1938                Conservative National Organization
       1952                Conservative Party
       1969                Moderate Coalition Party (commonly Moderate Party)

Leaders
       1904 -        1905  Gustaf Fredrik Östberg (1st time)  (b. 1847 - d. 1924)
       1905 -        1906  Axel G. Svedelius                  (b. 1836 - d. 1924)
       1907                Hugo Tamm                          (b. 1840 - d. 1907)
       1908 -        1912  Gustaf Fredrik Östberg (2nd time)  (s.a.)
       1912 -        1935  Salomon Arvid Achates Lindman      (b. 1862 - d. 1936)
       1935 -        1944  Gösta Bagge                        (b. 1882 - d. 1951)
       1944 -        1950  Fritiof Domö                       (b. 1889 - d. 1961)
       1950 -        1961  Jarl Hjalmarson                    (b. 1904 - d. 1993)
       1961 -        1965  Gunnar Heckscher                   (b. 1909 - d. 1987)
       1965 -        1970  Yngve Holmberg                     (b. 1925 - d. 2011)
       1970 -        1981  Gösta Bohman                       (b. 1911 - d. 1997)
       1981 -    Aug 1986  Ulf Adelsohn                       (b. 1941)
   Aug 1986 -  4 Sep 1999  Carl Bildt                         (b. 1949)
 4 Sep 1999 - 26 Oct 2003  Bo Lundgren                        (b. 1947)
26 Oct 2003 - 10 Jan 2015  Fredrik Reinfeldt                  (b. 1965)
10 Jan 2015 -  1 Oct 2017  Anna Kinberg Batra (f)             (b. 1970)
 1 Oct 2017 -              Ulf Kristersson                    (b. 1963)

Liberal Party

       1900                Liberal Coalition Party
       1924                Swedish Liberal Party
       1934                People's Party (commonly Liberal Party)

Leaders
       1900 -        1905  Sixten von Friesen                 (b. 1847 - d. 1921)
       1905 -  4 Oct 1915  Karl Albert Staaff                 (b. 1860 - d. 1915)
       1916 -        1917  Daniel Persson                     (b. 1850 - d. 1918)
       1917 -        1923  Nils Edén                          (b. 1871 - d. 1945)
       1923 -        1930  Eliel Löfgren                      (b. 1872 - d. 1940)
       1930 -        1933  Ernst Lyberg                       (b. 1874 - d. 1952)
       1933 -        1934  Karl Andreas Andersson             (b. 1875 - d. 1968)
       1934 -        1935  Felix Hamrin                       (b. 1875 - d. 1937)
                           (chairman Council of Representatives)
       1934 -        1935  Ola Jeppsson                       (b. 1887 - d. 1941)
                           (chairman Executive Committee)
       1935 -        1944  Gustaf Andersson                   (b. 1884 - d. 1961)
       1944 -        1967  Bertil Ohlin                       (b. 1899 - d. 1979)
       1967 -        1969  Sven Wedén                         (b. 1913 - d. 1976)
       1969 -        1975  Gunnar Helén                       (b. 1918 - d. 2002)
   Nov 1975 -        1978  Per Ahlmark                        (b. 1939 - d. 2018)
   Mar 1978 -        1983  Ola Ullsten                        (b. 1931 - d. 2018)
       1983 -  4 Feb 1995  Bengt Westerberg                   (b. 1943)
 4 Feb 1995 - 15 Mar 1997  Maria Leissner (f)                 (b. 1956)
15 Mar 1997 -  7 Sep 2007  Lars Leijonborg                    (b. 1949)
 7 Sep 2007 - 28 Jun 2019  Jan Björklund                      (b. 1962)
28 Jun 2019 -              Nyamko Sabuni (f)                  (b. 1969)

Liberal People's Party

   Jan 1924                secession of Liberal People's Party (Prohibitionists)
       1934                party reunited as People's Party

Leaders
   Jan 1924 -        1932  Carl Gustaf Ekman                  (b. 1872 - d. 1945)
       1932 -        1934  Ola Jeppsson                       (s.a.)

Centre Party

       1913                Agrarian Party
       1957                Centre Party

Leaders
       1913 -        1916  Carl Berglund                      (b. 1859 - d. 1921)
       1916 -        1919  Erik Eriksson                      (b. 1864 - d. 1939)
       1919 -        1924  Johan Andersson                    (b. 1866 - d. 1924)
       1924 -        1928  Johan Johansson                    (b. 1866 - d. 1928)
       1929 -        1934  Olof Olsson                        (b. 1859 - d. 1934)
       1934 -        1949  Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp            (b. 1883 - d. 1954)
       1949 -        1971  Gunnar Hedlund                     (b. 1900 - d. 1989)
       1971 -        1986  Thorbjörn Fälldin                  (b. 1926 - d. 2016)
   Jun 1986 - 22 Feb 1987  Karin Söder (f)                    (b. 1928 - d. 2015)
22 Feb 1987 - 15 Jun 1998  Olof Johansson                     (b. 1937)
15 Jun 1998 - 19 Mar 2001  Lennart Daléus                     (b. 1946)
19 Mar 2001 - 23 Sep 2011  Maud Olofsson (f)                  (b. 1955)
23 Sep 2011 -              Annie Lööf (f)                     (b. 1983)

Left Party

       1917 -        1923  Social Democratic Left Party
       1921                Communist Party
       1967                Left Party Communists
       1990                Left Party

Leaders
       1917                Carl Vinberg                       (b. 1867 - d. 1954)
                           + Zeth Höglund                     (b. 1884 - d. 1956)
       1918                Ernst Åström                       (b. 1876 - d. 1936)
                           + Karl Kilbom                      (b. 1885 - d. 1961)
       1919 -        1921  Zeth Höglund                       (s.a.)
                           + Karl Kilbom                      (s.a.)
       1921                Nils Andersson
       1922 -        1923  Otto Nygren
       1921 -        1924  Zeth Höglund                       (s.a.)
                           (leading separate faction to 1926)
       1924 -        1929  Nils Flyg                          (b. 1891 - d. 1943)
                           (leading separate ["Kilbom"] faction [from 1934
                           Socialist Party] to 9 Jan 1943)
       1929 -        1951  Sven Linderot                      (b. 1889 - d. 1956)
       1951 -  5 Jan 1964  Hilding Hagberg                    (b. 1899 - d. 1993)
 5 Jan 1964 -    Mar 1975  C.H. Hermansson                    (b. 1917 - d. 2016)
   Mar 1975 -  7 Jan 1993  Lars Werner                        (b. 1935 - d. 2013)
 7 Jan 1993 -    Feb 2003  Gudrun Schyman (f)                 (b. 1948)
   Feb 2003 - 20 Feb 2004  Ulla Hoffmann (f) (acting)         (b. 1942)
20 Feb 2004 -  6 Jan 2012  Lars Ohly                          (b. 1957)
 6 Jan 2012 - 31 Oct 2020  Jonas Sjöstedt                     (b. 1964)
31 Oct 2020 -              Nooshi Dadgostar (f)               (b. 1985)

Christian Democrats

Leaders
15 Apr 1964 -  5 Jul 1972  Birger Ekstedt                     (b. 1921 - d. 1972)
20 Jan 1973 -  3 Apr 2004  Alf Svensson                       (b. 1938)
 3 Apr 2004 - 25 Apr 2015  Göran Hägglund                     (b. 1959)
25 Apr 2015 -              Ebba Busch Thor (f)                (b. 1987)

The Greens

       1981                Environment Party the Greens founded

Speakers
       1981 -        1984  none
       1984 -        1985  Ragnhild Pohanka (f)               (b. 1932 - d. 2021)
                           + Per Gahrton                      (b. 1943 - d. 2023)
       1985 -        1986  Ragnhild Pohanka (f)               (s.a.)
                           + Birger Schlaug                   (b. 1949)
       1986 -        1988  Eva Goës (f)                       (b. 1947)
                           + Birger Schlaug                   (s.a.)
       1988 -        1990  Fiona Björling (f)                 (b. 1944)
                           + Anders Nordin                    (b. 1949)
       1990 -        1991  Margareta Gisselberg (f)           (b. 1938)
                           + Jan Axelsson                     (b. 1939 - d. 2018)
       1991 -        1992  Jan Axelsson                       (s.a.)
       1992 -        1999  Marianne Samuelsson (f)            (b. 1945)
                           + Birger Schlaug                   (s.a.)
       1999 -        2000  Lotta N. Hedström (f)              (b. 1955)
                           + Birger Schlaug                   (s.a.)
       2000 -        2002  Lotta N. Hedström (f)              (s.a.)
                           + Matz Hammarström                 (b. 1959)
       2002 -        2011  Maria Wetterstrand (f)             (b. 1973)
                           + Peter Eriksson                   (b. 1958)
21 May 2011 - 13 May 2016  Åsa Romson (f)                     (b. 1972)
                           + Gustav Fridolin                  (b. 1983)
13 May 2016 -  4 May 2019  Isabella Lövin (f)                 (b. 1963)
                           + Gustav Fridolin                  (s.a.)
 4 May 2019 - 31 Jan 2021  Isabella Lövin (f)                 (s.a.)
                           + Per Bolund                       (b. 1971)
31 Jan 2021 -              Märta Stenevi (f)                  (b. 1976)
                           + Per Bolund                       (s.a.)

Sweden Democrats

Speakers
       1988 -        1989  Leif Zeilon                        (b. 1950)
                           + Jonny Berg
       1989 -        1990  Ola Sundberg
                           + Anders Klarström                 (b. 1965)
       1990 -        1992  Anders Klarström                   (s.a.)
                           + Madeleine Larsson (f)
Leaders
       1992 -        1995  Anders Klarström                   (s.a.)
       1995 -        2005  Mikael Jansson                     (b. 1965)
 7 May 2005 -              Jimmie Åkesson                     (b. 1979)