Rulers: Russia
Ministries, political parties, etc.
Vice president
10 Jul 1991 - 3 Oct 1993 Aleksandr Rutskoy (b. 1947)
(suspended from 1 Sep 1993)
Deputy prime ministers
6 Nov 1991 - 14 Apr 1992 Gennady Burbulis (first deputy) (b. 1945 - d. 2022)
6 Nov 1991 - 15 Dec 1992 Yegor Gaidar (1st time) (b. 1956 - d. 2009)
(from 2 Mar 1992 first deputy)
15 Nov 1991 - 20 Jan 1994 Aleksandr Shokhin (1st time) (b. 1951)
18 Dec 1991 - 31 Mar 1992 Sergey Shakhray (1st time) (b. 1956)
22 Feb 1992 - 25 Nov 1992 Mikhail Poltoranin (b. 1939)
2 Mar 1992 - 23 Dec 1992 Valery Makharadze (b. 1940 - d. 2008)
20 May 1992 - 11 May 1993 Georgy Khizha (b. 1938)
30 May 1992 - 14 Dec 1992 Viktor Chernomyrdin (b. 1938 - d. 2010)
1 Jun 1992 - 16 Jan 1996 Anatoly Chubais (1st time) (b. 1955)
(from 5 Nov 1994 first deputy)
2 Jun 1992 - 20 Jan 1994 Vladimir Shumeyko (first deputy) (b. 1945)
4 Jun 1992 - 25 Mar 1993 Boris Saltykov (b. 1940)
15 Nov 1992 - 20 Jan 1994 Sergey Shakhray (2nd time) (s.a.)
23 Dec 1992 - 20 Jan 1994 Boris Fyodorov (1st time) (b. 1958 - d. 2008)
23 Dec 1992 - 24 Jul 1996 Yury Yarov (b. 1942)
10 Feb 1993 - 17 Mar 1997 Aleksandr Zaveryukha (b. 1940 - d. 2015)
15 Apr 1993 - 18 Sep 1993 Oleg Lobov (1st time) (b. 1937 - d. 2018)
(first deputy)
30 Apr 1993 - 20 Jun 1996 Oleg Soskovets (first deputy) (b. 1949)
18 Sep 1993 - 20 Jan 1994 Yegor Gaidar (2nd time) (s.a.)
(first deputy)
23 Mar 1994 - 6 Nov 1994 Aleksandr Shokhin (2nd time) (s.a.)
7 Apr 1994 - 5 Jan 1996 Sergey Shakhray (3rd time) (s.a.)
9 Nov 1994 - 17 Mar 1997 Aleksey Bolshakov (b. 1939 - d. 2017)
(from 14 Aug 1996 first deputy)
9 Nov 1994 - 17 Mar 1997 Oleg Davydov (b. 1940)
15 Nov 1994 - 24 Jan 1995 Vladimir Polevanov (b. 1949)
7 Dec 1994 - 30 Jun 1995 Nikolay Yegorov (b. 1951 - d. 1997)
31 May 1995 - 17 Mar 1997 Vitaly Ignatenko (b. 1941)
9 Jan 1996 - 9 Aug 1996 Vladimir Kinelyov (b. 1945)
25 Jan 1996 - 19 Jul 1996 Aleksandr Kazakov (b. 1948)
25 Jan 1996 - 9 Aug 1996 Vladimir Kadannikov (b. 1941 - d. 2021)
(first deputy)
18 Jun 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Oleg Lobov (2nd time) (s.a.)
(to 14 Aug 1996 first deputy)
14 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Viktor Ilyushin (first deputy) (b. 1947)
14 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Vladimir Potanin (first deputy) (b. 1961)
14 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Aleksandr Livshits (b. 1946 - d. 2013)
14 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Vladimir Babichev (b. 1939 - d. 2010)
14 Aug 1996 - 28 Feb 1998 Valery Serov (b. 1940)
17 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Vladimir Fortov (b. 1946 - d. 2020)
4 Feb 1997 - 23 Mar 1998 Anatoly Kulikov (b. 1946)
7 Mar 1997 - 23 Mar 1998 Anatoly Chubais (2nd time) (s.a.)
(first deputy)
17 Mar 1997 - 28 Aug 1998 Boris Nemtsov (b. 1959 - d. 2015)
(to 28 Apr 1998 first deputy)
17 Mar 1997 - 13 Aug 1997 Alfred Kokh (b. 1961)
17 Mar 1997 - 28 Apr 1998 Vladimir Bulgak (1st time) (b. 1941)
17 Mar 1997 - 16 Sep 1998 Oleg Sysuyev (b. 1953)
17 Mar 1997 - 28 Apr 1998 Yakov Urinson (b. 1944)
19 May 1997 - 30 Apr 1998 Viktor Khlystun (b. 1946)
1 Aug 1997 - 25 Jul 1998 Ramazan Abdulatipov (b. 1946)
13 Aug 1997 - 15 Nov 1997 Maksim Boyko (b. 1959)
20 Dec 1997 - 28 Apr 1998 Farit Gazizullin (b. 1946)
28 Feb 1998 - 25 Jul 1998 Ivan Rybkin (b. 1946)
23 Mar 1998 - 24 Apr 1998 Sergey Kiriyenko (first deputy) (b. 1962)
28 Apr 1998 - 28 Sep 1998 Viktor Khristenko (1st time) (b. 1957)
17 Aug 1998 - 28 Sep 1998 Boris Fyodorov (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Sep 1998 - 25 May 1999 Yury Maslyukov (first deputy) (b. 1937 - d. 2010)
16 Sep 1998 - 21 Sep 1998 Vladimir Ryzhkov (b. 1966)
(refused the position)
16 Sep 1998 - 30 Sep 1998 Aleksandr Shokhin (3rd time) (s.a.)
16 Sep 1998 - 25 May 1999 Vladimir Bulgak (2nd time) (s.a.)
18 Sep 1998 - 27 Apr 1999 Vadim Gustov (first deputy) (b. 1948)
21 Sep 1998 - 25 May 1999 Gennady Kulik (b. 1935 - d. 2023)
21 Sep 1998 - 11 Mar 2003 Valentina Matvienko (f) (b. 1949)
27 Apr 1999 - 19 May 1999 Sergey Stepashin (first deputy) (b. 1952)
12 May 1999 - 10 Jan 2000 Nikolay Aksyonenko (b. 1949 - d. 2005)
(first deputy)
25 May 1999 - 20 May 2000 Vladimir Shcherbak (b. 1939 - d. 2010)
25 May 1999 - 28 May 1999 Mikhail Zadornov (first deputy) (b. 1963)
31 May 1999 - 9 Mar 2004 Viktor Khristenko (2nd time) (s.a.)
(to 10 Jan 2000 first deputy)
31 May 1999 - 18 Feb 2002 Ilya Klebanov (b. 1951)
9 Aug 1999 - 16 Aug 1999 Vladimir Putin (first deputy) (b. 1952)
15 Oct 1999 - 18 May 2000 Nikolay Koshman (b. 1944)
10 Jan 2000 - 17 May 2000 Mikhail Kasyanov (first deputy) (b. 1957)
10 Jan 2000 - 18 May 2000 Sergey Shoigu (b. 1955)
18 May 2000 - 9 Mar 2004 Aleksey Kudrin (1st time) (b. 1960)
20 May 2000 - 9 Mar 2004 Aleksey Gordeyev (1st time) (b. 1955)
24 Apr 2003 - 9 Mar 2004 Galina Karelova (f) (b. 1950)
24 Apr 2003 - 9 Mar 2004 Boris Alyoshin (b. 1955)
16 Jun 2003 - 9 Mar 2004 Vladimir Yakovlev (b. 1944)
9 Mar 2004 - 20 Dec 2011 Aleksandr Zhukov (b. 1956)
(to 24 Sep 2007 first deputy)
14 Nov 2005 - 22 Dec 2011 Sergey Ivanov (b. 1953)
(15 Feb 2007 - 12 May 2008 first deputy)
14 Nov 2005 - 12 May 2008 Dmitry Medvedev (first deputy) (b. 1965)
15 Feb 2007 - 12 May 2008 Sergey Naryshkin (b. 1954)
24 Sep 2007 - 27 Sep 2011 Aleksey Kudrin (2nd time) (s.a.)
12 May 2008 - 21 May 2012 Viktor Zubkov (first deputy) (b. 1941)
12 May 2008 - 18 May 2018 Igor Shuvalov (first deputy) (b. 1967)
12 May 2008 - 21 Oct 2010 Sergey Sobyanin (b. 1958)
12 May 2008 - 21 May 2012 Igor Sechin (b. 1960)
15 Oct 2008 - 21 Jan 2020 Dmitry Kozak (b. 1958)
19 Jan 2010 - 18 May 2018 Aleksandr Khloponin (b. 1965)
21 Oct 2010 - 27 Dec 2011 Vyacheslav Volodin (b. 1964)
23 Dec 2011 - 18 May 2018 Dmitry Rogozin (b. 1963)
27 Dec 2011 - 8 May 2013 Vladislav Surkov (b. 1964)
21 May 2012 - 18 May 2018 Arkady Dvorkovich (b. 1972)
21 May 2012 - 21 Jan 2020 Olga Golodets (f) (b. 1962)
22 May 2013 - 18 May 2018 Sergey Prikhodko (b. 1957 - d. 2021)
31 Aug 2013 - Yury Trutnev (b. 1956)
19 Oct 2016 - 21 Jan 2020 Vitaly Mutko (b. 1958)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Anton Siluanov (first deputy) (b. 1963)
18 May 2018 - Tatyana Golikova (f) (b. 1966)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Aleksey Gordeyev (2nd time) (s.a.)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Maksim Akimov (b. 1970)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Konstantin Chuychenko (b. 1965)
18 May 2018 - 15 Jul 2022 Yury Borisov (b. 1956)
21 Jan 2020 - Andrey Belousov (first deputy) (b. 1959)
21 Jan 2020 - Dmitry Grigorenko (b. 1978)
21 Jan 2020 - Viktoriya Abramchenko (f) (b. 1975)
21 Jan 2020 - Aleksey Overchuk (b. 1964)
21 Jan 2020 - Marat Khusnullin (b. 1966)
21 Jan 2020 - Dmitry Chernyshenko (b. 1968)
10 Nov 2020 - Aleksandr Novak (b. 1971)
15 Jul 2022 - Denis Manturov (b. 1969)
Foreign Affairs
Ministers
11 Oct 1990 - 9 Jan 1996 Andrey Kozyrev (b. 1951)
9 Jan 1996 - 11 Sep 1998 Yevgeny Primakov (b. 1929 - d. 2015)
11 Sep 1998 - 9 Mar 2004 Igor Ivanov (b. 1945)
9 Mar 2004 - Sergey Lavrov (b. 1950)
Defense
Ministers
16 Mar 1992 - 18 May 1992 Boris Yeltsin (acting) (b. 1931 - d. 2007)
18 May 1992 - 18 Jun 1996 Pavel Grachev (b. 1948 - d. 2012)
18 Jun 1996 - 17 Jul 1996 Mikhail Kolesnikov (acting) (b. 1939 - d. 2007)
17 Jul 1996 - 23 May 1997 Igor Rodionov (b. 1936 - d. 2014)
23 May 1997 - 28 Mar 2001 Igor Sergeyev (b. 1938 - d. 2006)
28 Mar 2001 - 15 Feb 2007 Sergey Ivanov (b. 1953)
15 Feb 2007 - 6 Nov 2012 Anatoly Serdyukov (b. 1962)
6 Nov 2012 - Sergey Shoigu (b. 1955)
Chiefs of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces
Jun 1992 - 22 Nov 1992 Viktor Dubynin (b. 1943 - d. 1992)
23 Dec 1992 - 18 Oct 1996 Mikhail Kolesnikov (b. 1939 - d. 2007)
18 Oct 1996 - 22 May 1997 Viktor Samsonov (b. 1941)
22 May 1997 - 19 Jul 2004 Anatoly Kvashnin (b. 1946 - d. 2022)
(acting to 19 Jun 1997)
19 Jul 2004 - 3 Jun 2008 Yury Baluyevsky (b. 1947)
3 Jun 2008 - 9 Nov 2012 Nikolay Makarov (b. 1949)
9 Nov 2012 - Valery Gerasimov (b. 1955)
Defense Industry
Minister
8 May 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Zinovy Pak (b. 1939)
Interior
8 Sep 1990 Ministry of Interior
19 Dec 1991 Ministry of Security and Interior
15 Jan 1992 Ministry of Interior
Ministers
8 Sep 1990 - 13 Sep 1991 Viktor Barannikov (1st time) (b. 1940 - d. 1995)
13 Sep 1991 - 19 Dec 1991 Andrey Dunayev (acting) (b. 1936)
19 Dec 1991 - 15 Jan 1992 Viktor Barannikov (2nd time) (s.a.)
15 Jan 1992 - 30 Jun 1995 Viktor Yerin (b. 1944 - d. 2018)
30 Jun 1995 - 6 Jul 1995 Yevgeny Abramov (acting) (b. 1939)
6 Jul 1995 - 23 Mar 1998 Anatoly Kulikov (b. 1946)
23 Mar 1998 - 30 Mar 1998 Pavel Maslov (acting) (b. 1946)
30 Mar 1998 - 21 May 1999 Sergey Stepashin (b. 1952)
(acting to 28 Apr 1998)
21 May 1999 - 28 Mar 2001 Vladimir Rushailo (b. 1954)
28 Mar 2001 - 24 Dec 2003 Boris Gryzlov (b. 1950)
24 Dec 2003 - 21 May 2012 Rashid Nurgaliyev (b. 1956)
(acting to 9 Mar 2004)
21 May 2012 - Vladimir Kolokoltsev (b. 1961)
Finance
11 Nov 1991 - 19 Feb 1992 merged with Ministry of Economy
Ministers
18 Jul 1990 - 5 Dec 1990 Boris Fyodorov (1st time) (b. 1958 - d. 2008)
5 Dec 1990 - 11 Nov 1991 Igor Lazarev (b. 1937 - d. 1997)
19 Feb 1992 - 2 Apr 1992 Yegor Gaidar (b. 1956 - d. 2009)
2 Apr 1992 - 25 Mar 1993 Vasily Barchuk (b. 1941)
25 Mar 1993 - 26 Jan 1994 Boris Fyodorov (2nd time) (s.a.)
26 Jan 1994 - 12 Oct 1994 Sergey Dubinin (acting) (b. 1950)
12 Oct 1994 - 4 Nov 1994 Andrey Vavilov (acting) (b. 1961)
4 Nov 1994 - 15 Aug 1996 Vladimir Panskov (b. 1944)
15 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Aleksandr Livshits (b. 1946 - d. 2013)
17 Mar 1997 - 20 Nov 1997 Anatoly Chubais (b. 1955)
20 Nov 1997 - 25 May 1999 Mikhail Zadornov (b. 1963)
25 May 1999 - 18 May 2000 Mikhail Kasyanov (b. 1957)
18 May 2000 - 27 Sep 2011 Aleksey Kudrin (b. 1960)
27 Sep 2011 - Anton Siluanov (b. 1963)
(acting to 16 Dec 2011)
Taxes
Ministers
23 Dec 1998 - 25 May 1999 Georgy Boos (b. 1963)
25 May 1999 - 18 May 2000 Aleksandr Pochinok (b. 1958 - d. 2014)
18 May 2000 - 9 Mar 2004 Gennady Bukayev (b. 1947)
Economic Development
11 Nov 1991 Ministry of Economy
17 May 2000 Ministry of Economic Development and Trade
12 May 2008 Ministry of Economic Development
Ministers
11 Nov 1991 - 19 Feb 1992 Yegor Gaidar (1st time) (b. 1956 - d. 2009)
19 Feb 1992 - 25 Mar 1993 Andrey Nechayev (b. 1953)
26 Mar 1993 - 15 Apr 1993 Andrey Shapovalyants (1st time) (b. 1952 - d. 2021)
(acting)
15 Apr 1993 - 18 Sep 1993 Oleg Lobov (b. 1937 - d. 2018)
18 Sep 1993 - 20 Jan 1994 Yegor Gaidar (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.)
20 Jan 1994 - 6 Nov 1994 Aleksandr Shokhin (b. 1951)
8 Nov 1994 - 17 Mar 1997 Yevgeny Yasin (b. 1934 - d. 2023)
17 Mar 1997 - 25 Sep 1998 Yakov Urinson (b. 1944)
25 Sep 1998 - 17 May 2000 Andrey Shapovalyants (2nd time) (s.a.)
18 May 2000 - 24 Sep 2007 German Gref (b. 1964)
24 Sep 2007 - 21 May 2012 Elvira Nabiullina (f) (b. 1963)
21 May 2012 - 24 Jun 2013 Andrey Belousov (b. 1959)
24 Jun 2013 - 15 Nov 2016 Aleksey Ulyukayev (b. 1956)
15 Nov 2016 - 30 Nov 2016 Yevgeny Yelin (acting) (b. 1962)
30 Nov 2016 - 21 Jan 2020 Maksim Oreshkin (b. 1982)
21 Jan 2020 - Maksim Reshetnikov (b. 1979)
Industry and Trade
23 Jul 1990 Ministry of Industry
30 Sep 1992 abolished
15 Aug 1996 reestablished
17 Mar 1997 abolished
30 Apr 1998 Ministry of Industry and Trade
25 Sep 1998 Ministry of Trade
17 May 2000 merged with Ministry of Economy
12 May 2008 Ministry of Industry and Trade
Ministers
23 Jul 1990 - 15 Nov 1991 Viktor Kisin (b. 1941)
15 Nov 1991 - 30 Sep 1992 Aleksandr Titkin (b. 1948 - d. 1999)
22 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Yury Bespalov (b. 1939)
8 May 1998 - 23 Jul 1998 Georgy Gabunia (1st time) (acting) (b. 1952 - d. 2000)
23 Jul 1998 - 22 Sep 1998 Yury Maslyukov (b. 1937 - d. 2010)
25 Sep 1998 - 25 May 1999 Georgy Gabunia (2nd time) (s.a.)
25 May 1999 - 17 May 2000 Mikhail Fradkov (b. 1950)
12 May 2008 - 31 Jan 2012 Viktor Khristenko (b. 1957)
2 Feb 2012 - Denis Manturov (b. 1969)
(acting to 21 May 2012)
Foreign Economic Relations
11 Nov 1991 - 22 Feb 1992 abolished
Ministers
25 Jul 1990 - 9 Aug 1991 Viktor Yaroshenko (b. 1946)
11 Aug 1991 - 11 Nov 1991 Gennady Filshin (acting) (b. 1931 - d. 2021)
22 Feb 1992 - 23 Dec 1992 Pyotr Aven (b. 1955)
23 Dec 1992 - 22 Sep 1993 Sergey Glazyev (b. 1961)
22 Sep 1993 - 1 Apr 1997 Oleg Davydov (b. 1940)
26 Mar 1997 - 30 Apr 1998 Mikhail Fradkov (b. 1950)
(acting to 16 Apr 1997)
Science and Higher Education
14 Jul 1990 State Committee for Science and Higher Education Affairs
11 Nov 1991 Ministry of Science and Technical Policy
28 Nov 1991 Ministry of Science, Higher Education and Technical Policy
25 Mar 1993 Ministry of Science and Technical Policy
15 Aug 1996 State Committee for Science and Technology
17 Mar 1997 Ministry of Science and Technology
18 May 2000 - 9 Mar 2004 Ministry of Industry, Science, and Technology
18 May 2018 Ministry of Science and Higher Education
Chairman of the State Committee
14 Jul 1990 - 10 Nov 1991 Nikolay Malyshev (b. 1945 - d. 2019)
Minister
11 Nov 1991 - 19 Aug 1996 Boris Saltykov (b. 1940)
Chairman of the State Committee
19 Aug 1996 - 17 Mar 1997 Vladimir Fortov (b. 1946 - d. 2020)
Ministers
17 Mar 1997 - 30 Apr 1998 Vladimir Fortov (s.a.)
30 Apr 1998 - 25 Sep 1998 Vladimir Bulgak (b. 1941)
25 Sep 1998 - 18 May 2000 Mikhail Kirpichnikov (b. 1945)
18 May 2000 - 17 Oct 2001 Aleksandr Dondukov (b. 1954)
17 Oct 2001 - 1 Nov 2003 Ilya Klebanov (b. 1951)
1 Nov 2003 - 9 Mar 2004 Andrey Fursenko (acting) (b. 1949)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Mikhail Kotyukov (b. 1976)
21 Jan 2020 - Valery Falkov (b. 1978)
Antitrust Policy and Business Support
Ministers
30 Oct 1998 - 12 May 1999 Gennady Khodyrev (b. 1942)
31 May 1999 - 9 Mar 2004 Ilya Yuzhanov (b. 1960)
Property Relations
23 Jul 1990 State Committee for Management of State Property
23 Sep 1997 Ministry of State Property
17 May 2000 Ministry of Property Relations
9 Mar 2004 abolished
Chairmen of the State Committee
21 Nov 1990 - 10 Nov 1991 Mikhail Maley (b. 1941 - d. 1996)
10 Nov 1991 - 5 Nov 1994 Anatoly Chubais (b. 1955)
15 Nov 1994 - 24 Jan 1995 Vladimir Polevanov (b. 1949)
24 Jan 1995 - 8 Feb 1995 Pyotr Mostovoy (acting) (b. 1949)
8 Feb 1995 - 10 Jan 1996 Sergey Belyayev (b. 1954)
25 Jan 1996 - 9 Aug 1996 Aleksandr Kazakov (b. 1948)
13 Sep 1996 - 13 Aug 1997 Alfred Kokh (b. 1961)
13 Aug 1997 - 23 Sep 1997 Maksim Boyko (b. 1959)
Ministers
23 Sep 1997 - 15 Nov 1997 Maksim Boyko (s.a.)
20 Dec 1997 - 9 Mar 2004 Farit Gazizullin (b. 1946)
20 Jan 1999 - 10 Mar 1999 Aleksandr Braverman (b. 1954)
(acting for Gazizullin)
Bread
Minister
5 Aug 1991 - 12 Nov 1991 Leonid Cheshinsky (b. 1945)
Energy
9 Sep 1991 Ministry of Energy and Fuels
16 Jun 2001 Ministry of Energy
9 Mar 2004 Ministry of Industry and Energy
12 May 2008 Ministry of Energy
Ministers
9 Sep 1991 - 10 Nov 1991 Anatoly Dyakov (b. 1936 - d. 2015)
10 Nov 1991 - 30 May 1992 Vladimir Lopukhin (b. 1952 - d. 2020)
30 May 1992 - 14 Dec 1992 Viktor Chernomyrdin (b. 1938 - d. 2010)
12 Jan 1993 - 22 Aug 1996 Yury Shafranik (b. 1952)
22 Aug 1996 - 9 Apr 1997 Pyotr Rodionov (b. 1951)
10 Apr 1997 - 24 Apr 1997 Viktor Ott (1st time) (acting) (b. 1948)
24 Apr 1997 - 20 Nov 1997 Boris Nemtsov (b. 1959 - d. 2015)
20 Nov 1997 - 23 Mar 1998 Sergey Kiriyenko (b. 1962)
23 Mar 1998 - 30 Apr 1998 Viktor Ott (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.)
13 May 1998 - 25 May 1999 Sergey Generalov (b. 1963)
25 May 1999 - 20 May 2000 Viktor Kalyuzhny (b. 1947)
20 May 2000 - 5 Feb 2001 Aleksandr Gavrin (b. 1953)
16 Jun 2001 - 9 Mar 2004 Igor Yusufov (b. 1956)
9 Mar 2004 - 12 May 2008 Viktor Khristenko (b. 1957)
12 May 2008 - 21 May 2012 Sergey Shmatko (b. 1966 - d. 2021)
21 May 2012 - 10 Nov 2020 Aleksandr Novak (b. 1971)
10 Nov 2020 - Nikolay Shulginov (b. 1951)
Nuclear Energy
Ministers
2 Mar 1992 - 2 Mar 1998 Viktor Mikhailov (b. 1934 - d. 2011)
4 Mar 1998 - 28 Mar 2001 Yevgeny Adamov (b. 1939)
28 Mar 2001 - 9 Mar 2004 Aleksandr Rumyantsev (b. 1945)
Natural Resources and Ecology
25 Jul 1991 Ministry of Nature
28 Nov 1991 Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
30 Sep 1992 Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources
22 Aug 1996 Ministry of Natural Resources
12 May 2008 Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology
Ministers
29 Jul 1991 - 5 Dec 1991 Igor Gavrilov (b. 1939 - d. 2011)
5 Dec 1991 - 22 Aug 1996 Viktor Danilov-Danilyan (b. 1938)
22 Aug 1996 - 30 Apr 1998 Viktor Orlov (1st time) (b. 1940 - d. 2021)
30 Apr 1998 - 6 Oct 1998 Viktor Nekrutenko (b. 1951)
6 Oct 1998 - 19 Aug 1999 Viktor Orlov (2nd time) (s.a.)
19 Aug 1999 - 16 Jun 2001 Boris Yatskevich (b. 1948 - d. 2020)
16 Jun 2001 - 9 Mar 2004 Vitaly Artyukhov (b. 1944)
9 Mar 2004 - 21 May 2012 Yury Trutnev (b. 1956)
21 May 2012 - 18 May 2018 Sergey Donskoy (b. 1968)
18 May 2018 - 10 Nov 2020 Dmitry Kobylkin (b. 1971)
10 Nov 2020 - Aleksandr Kozlov (b. 1981)
Civil Defense, Emergency Situations, and Disaster Relief
Chairman of the State Committee (from 20 Jan 1994, ministers)
5 Aug 1991 - 11 May 2012 Sergey Shoigu (b. 1955)
21 May 2012 - 18 May 2018 Vladimir Puchkov (b. 1959)
18 May 2018 - 8 Sep 2021 Yevgeny Zinichev (b. 1966 - d. 2021)
10 Sep 2021 - 25 May 2022 Aleksandr Chupriyan (acting) (b. 1958)
25 May 2022 - Aleksandr Kurenkov (b. 1972)
Agriculture and Fisheries
14 Jul 1990 Ministry of Agriculture and Food
9 Mar 2004 Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries
Ministers
14 Jul 1990 - 15 Nov 1991 Gennady Kulik (b. 1935 - d. 2023)
15 Nov 1991 - 27 Oct 1994 Viktor Khlystun (1st time) (b. 1946)
27 Oct 1994 - 12 Jan 1996 Aleksandr Nazarchuk (b. 1939 - d. 2021)
12 Jan 1996 - 14 May 1996 Aleksandr Zaveryukha (acting) (b. 1940 - d. 2015)
14 May 1996 - 30 Apr 1998 Viktor Khlystun (2nd time) (s.a.)
30 Apr 1998 - 25 May 1999 Viktor Semyonov (b. 1958)
25 May 1999 - 19 Aug 1999 Vladimir Shcherbak (b. 1939 - d. 2010)
19 Aug 1999 - 12 Mar 2009 Aleksey Gordeyev (b. 1955)
12 Mar 2009 - 21 May 2012 Elena Skrynnik (f) (b. 1961)
21 May 2012 - 22 Apr 2015 Nikolay Fyodorov (b. 1958)
22 Apr 2015 - 18 May 2018 Aleksandr Tkachev (b. 1960)
18 May 2018 - Dmitry Patrushev (b. 1977)
Forestry
Minister
2 Aug 1991 - 10 Nov 1991 Valery Shubin (b. 1949)
Transport
8 Sep 1990 Ministry of Transport
9 Mar 2004 Ministry of Transport and Communications
20 May 2004 Ministry of Transport
Ministers
8 Sep 1990 - 10 Jan 1996 Vitaly Yefimov (b. 1940)
12 Jan 1996 - 28 Feb 1998 Nikolay Tsakh (b. 1939)
28 Feb 1998 - 9 Mar 2004 Sergey Frank (b. 1960)
9 Mar 2004 - 21 May 2012 Igor Levitin (b. 1952)
21 May 2012 - 18 May 2018 Maksim Sokolov (b. 1968)
18 May 2018 - 10 Nov 2020 Yevgeny Ditrikh (b. 1973)
10 Nov 2020 - Vitaly Savelyev (b. 1954)
Railways
Ministers
20 Jan 1992 - 22 Aug 1996 Gennady Fadeyev (1st time) (b. 1937)
22 Aug 1996 - 14 Apr 1997 Anatoly Zaytsev (b. 1940 - d. 2022)
14 Apr 1997 - 21 May 1999 Nikolay Aksyonenko (1st time) (b. 1949 - d. 2005)
29 May 1999 - 16 Sep 1999 Vladimir Starostenko (b. 1948 - d. 2017)
16 Sep 1999 - 3 Jan 2002 Nikolay Aksyonenko (2nd time) (s.a.)
4 Jan 2002 - 22 Sep 2003 Gennady Fadeyev (2nd time) (s.a.)
22 Sep 2003 - 9 Mar 2004 Vadim Morozov (b. 1954 - d. 2021)
Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications
25 Jul 1990 Ministry of Communications, Informatics and Space
10 Nov 1991 Ministry of Communications
18 Mar 1997 State Committee for Communications and Informatics
22 Sep 1998 State Committee for Communications and Information Technologies
25 May 1999 State Committee for Telecommunications
12 Nov 1999 Ministry of Telecommunications
9 Mar 2004 merged with ministry of Transport
20 May 2004 reestablished as Ministry of Information Technologies and
Telecommunications
12 May 2008 Ministry of Telecommunications and Mass Communications
18 May 2018 Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass
Communications
Minister
25 Jul 1990 - 17 Mar 1997 Vladimir Bulgak (b. 1941)
Chairmen of the State Committee
25 Mar 1997 - 1 Jun 1999 Aleksandr Krupnov (b. 1941)
1 Jun 1999 - 12 Nov 1999 Aleksandr Ivanov (b. 1940)
Ministers
12 Nov 1999 - 9 Mar 2004 Leonid Reyman (1st time) (b. 1957)
20 May 2004 - 12 May 2008 Leonid Reyman (2nd time) (s.a.)
12 May 2008 - 21 May 2012 Igor Shchegolev (b. 1965)
21 May 2012 - 18 May 2018 Nikolay Nikiforov (b. 1982)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Konstantin Noskov (b. 1978)
21 Jan 2020 - Maksut Shadayev (b. 1979)
Justice
Ministers
14 Jul 1990 - 24 Mar 1993 Nikolay Fyodorov (b. 1958)
13 Apr 1993 - 7 Dec 1994 Yury Kalmykov (b. 1934 - d. 1997)
(acting to 5 Aug 1993)
5 Jan 1995 - 2 Jul 1997 Valentin Kovalev (b. 1944)
(suspended from 25 Jun 1997)
28 Jun 1997 - 2 Jul 1997 Georgy Kulikov (b. 1950)
(acting for Kovalev)
2 Jul 1997 - 30 Mar 1998 Sergey Stepashin (b. 1952)
30 Mar 1998 - 17 Aug 1999 Pavel Krasheninnikov (b. 1964)
(acting to 30 Apr 1998)
17 Aug 1999 - 23 Jun 2006 Yury Chaika (b. 1951)
23 Jun 2006 - 12 May 2008 Vladimir Ustinov (b. 1953)
12 May 2008 - 21 Jan 2020 Aleksandr Konovalov (b. 1968)
21 Jan 2020 - Konstantin Chuychenko (b. 1965)
Education and Science
19 Jul 1990 Ministry of Education
14 Aug 1996 Ministry of General and Professional Education
9 Mar 2004 Ministry of Education and Science
18 May 2018 Ministry of Education
Ministers
19 Jul 1990 - 4 Dec 1992 Eduard Dneprov (b. 1936 - d. 2015)
5 Dec 1992 - 14 Aug 1996 Yevgeny Tkachenko (b. 1935 - d. 2018)
(acting to 23 Dec 1992)
14 Aug 1996 - 28 Feb 1998 Vladimir Kinelyov (b. 1945)
28 Feb 1998 - 30 Sep 1998 Aleksandr Tikhonov (b. 1947 - d. 2016)
30 Sep 1998 - 9 Mar 2004 Vladimir Filippov (b. 1951)
9 Mar 2004 - 21 May 2012 Andrey Fursenko (b. 1949)
21 May 2012 - 19 Aug 2016 Dmitry Livanov (b. 1967)
19 Aug 2016 - 21 Jan 2020 Olga Vasilyeva (f) (b. 1960)
21 Jan 2020 - Sergey Kravtsov (b. 1974)
Healthcare
19 Sep 1990 Ministry of Healthcare
10 Jan 1994 Ministry of Healthcare and Medical Industry
9 Mar 2004 Ministry of Healthcare and Social Development
21 May 2012 Ministry of Healthcare
Ministers
19 Sep 1990 - 14 Nov 1991 Vyacheslav Kalinin
14 Nov 1991 - 23 Dec 1992 Andrey Vorobyov (b. 1928 - d. 2020)
23 Dec 1992 - 28 Nov 1995 Eduard Nechayev (b. 1934)
5 Dec 1995 - 17 Aug 1996 Aleksandr Tsaregorodtsev (b. 1946)
17 Aug 1996 - 5 May 1998 Tatyana Dmitriyeva (f) (b. 1951 - d. 2010)
5 May 1998 - 30 Sep 1998 Oleg Rutkovsky (b. 1947 - d. 2008)
30 Sep 1998 - 12 May 1999 Vladimir Starodubov (b. 1950)
5 Jul 1999 - 9 Mar 2004 Yury Shevchenko (b. 1947)
9 Mar 2004 - 24 Sep 2007 Mikhail Zurabov (b. 1953)
24 Sep 2007 - 21 May 2012 Tatyana Golikova (f) (b. 1966)
21 May 2012 - 21 Jan 2020 Veronika Skvortsova (f) (b. 1960)
21 Jan 2020 - Mikhail Murashko (b. 1967)
Labour and Social Security
14 Jul 1990 Ministry of Labour
10 Nov 1991 Ministry of Labour and Employment
14 Jun 1992 Ministry of Labour
14 Aug 1996 Ministry of Labour and Social Development
9 Mar 2004 merged with Ministry of Healthcare
21 May 2012 Ministry of Labour and Social Security
Ministers
28 Jan 1991 - 26 Aug 1991 Rafik Batkayev (b. 1931)
26 Aug 1991 - 14 Jun 1992 Aleksandr Shokhin (b. 1951)
14 Jun 1992 - 14 Apr 1997 Gennady Melikyan (b. 1947)
14 Apr 1997 - 30 Apr 1998 Oleg Sysuyev (b. 1953)
30 Apr 1998 - 30 Sep 1998 Oksana Dmitriyeva (f) (b. 1958)
30 Sep 1998 - 18 May 2000 Sergey Kalashnikov (b. 1951)
18 May 2000 - 9 Mar 2004 Aleksandr Pochinok (b. 1958 - d. 2014)
21 May 2012 - 21 Jan 2020 Maksim Topilin (b. 1967)
21 Jan 2020 - Anton Kotyakov (b. 1980)
Social Security
Ministers
28 Nov 1991 - 2 Mar 1994 Ella Pamfilova (f) (b. 1953)
4 May 1994 - 14 Aug 1996 Lyudmila Bezlepkina (f) (b. 1941)
Culture
1990 Ministry of Culture
9 Mar 2004 Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications
12 May 2008 Ministry of Culture
Ministers
8 Jul 1990 - 15 Nov 1991 Yury Solomin (b. 1935 - d. 2024)
5 Feb 1992 - 28 Aug 1997 Yevgeny Sidorov (b. 1938)
28 Aug 1997 - 30 Sep 1998 Natalya Dementyeva (f) (b. 1945)
30 Sep 1998 - 8 Feb 2000 Vladimir Yegorov (b. 1947)
8 Feb 2000 - 9 Mar 2004 Mikhail Shvydkoy (b. 1948)
9 Mar 2004 - 12 May 2008 Aleksandr Sokolov (b. 1949)
12 May 2008 - 21 May 2012 Aleksandr Avdeyev (b. 1946)
21 May 2012 - 21 Jan 2020 Vladimir Medinsky (b. 1970)
21 Jan 2020 - Olga Lyubimova (f) (b. 1980)
Press, Broadcasting, and Means of Mass Communication Affairs
26 Jul 1990 Ministry of Press and Mass Information
28 Nov 1991 Ministry of Press and Information
22 Dec 1993 State Committee for Press
6 Jul 1999 Ministry of Press, Broadcasting, and Means of Mass
Communication Affairs
9 Mar 2004 abolished
Ministers
26 Jul 1990 - 25 Nov 1992 Mikhail Poltoranin (b. 1939)
23 Dec 1992 - 23 Aug 1993 Mikhail Fedotov (b. 1949)
5 Oct 1993 - 22 Dec 1993 Vladimir Shumeyko (b. 1945)
Chairmen of the State Committee
22 Dec 1993 - 2 Sep 1994 Boris Mironov (b. 1951)
3 Nov 1994 - 25 Jul 1995 Sergey Gryzunov (b. 1949)
25 Jul 1995 - 6 Jul 1999 Ivan Laptev (b. 1934)
Minister
6 Jul 1999 - 9 Mar 2004 Mikhail Lesin (b. 1958 - d. 2015)
Regional Development
21 Nov 1990 State Committee for Ethnic Policy
2 Mar 1993 State Committee for Federation Affairs and Nationalities
20 Jan 1994 Ministry of Nationalities and Regional Policy
4 Mar 1996 Ministry of Nationalities and Federation Affairs
8 May 1998 Ministry of Regional and Ethnic Policy
25 Sep 1998 divided into ministries of Regional Policy and Ethnic Policy
25 May 1999 ministries merged into Ministry on Federation Affairs and
Nationalities
19 May 2000 Ministry of Federation Affairs, Ethnic and Migration Policies
17 Oct 2001 ministry abolished
13 Sep 2004 reestablished as Ministry of Regional Development
8 Sep 2014 ministry abolished
Ministers (to 20 Jan 1994 chairman of the State Committee)
21 Nov 1990 - 5 Dec 1991 Leonid Prokopyev (b. 1934 - d. 2006)
27 Feb 1992 - 15 Oct 1992 Valery Tishkov (b. 1941)
4 Nov 1992 - 16 May 1994 Sergey Shakhray (b. 1956)
16 May 1994 - 30 Jun 1995 Nikolay Yegorov (b. 1951 - d. 1997)
5 Jul 1995 - 8 May 1998 Vyacheslav Mikhailov (1st time) (b. 1938)
8 May 1998 - 25 Sep 1998 Yevgeny Sapiro (b. 1934)
- Regional Policy -
30 Sep 1998 - 25 May 1999 Valery Kirpichnikov (b. 1946)
- Ethnic Policy -
25 Sep 1998 - 25 May 1999 Ramazan Abdulatipov (b. 1946)
- reunited ministry -
25 May 1999 - 6 Jan 2000 Vyacheslav Mikhailov (2nd time) (s.a.)
6 Jan 2000 - 17 Oct 2001 Aleksandr Blokhin (b. 1951)
13 Sep 2004 - 24 Sep 2007 Vladimir Yakovlev (b. 1944)
24 Sep 2007 - 15 Oct 2008 Dmitry Kozak (b. 1958)
15 Oct 2008 - 28 Apr 2012 Viktor Basargin (b. 1957)
28 Apr 2012 - 21 May 2012 Vladimir Tokarev (acting) (b. 1977)
21 May 2012 - 17 Oct 2012 Oleg Govorun (b. 1969)
17 Oct 2012 - 8 Sep 2014 Igor Slyunyayev (b. 1966)
Development of the Far East and Arctic
21 May 2012 Ministry of Development of the Far East
21 Jan 2020 Ministry of Development of the Far East and Arctic
Ministers
21 May 2012 - 31 Aug 2013 Viktor Ishayev (b. 1948)
11 Sep 2013 - 18 May 2018 Aleksandr Galushka (b. 1975)
18 May 2018 - 10 Nov 2020 Aleksandr Kozlov (b. 1981)
10 Nov 2020 - Aleksey Chekunkov (b. 1980)
Relations with Open Government
Minister
21 May 2012 - 18 May 2018 Mikhail Abyzov (b. 1972)
Sports
8 Sep 1990 Ministry of Physical Culture and Sports
14 Dec 1991 abolished
6 Jun 1999 Ministry of Physical Culture, Sports, and Tourism
18 May 2000 transferred to State Committee for Physical Culture,
Sports, and Tourism
12 May 2008 Ministry of Sports, Tourism, and Youth Policy
21 May 2012 Ministry of Sports
Ministers
8 Sep 1990 - 5 Dec 1991 Vasily Machuga (b. 1951 - d. 1996)
6 Jun 1999 - 18 May 2000 Boris Ivanyuzhenkov (b. 1966)
12 May 2008 - 19 Oct 2016 Vitaly Mutko (b. 1958)
19 Oct 2016 - 21 Jan 2020 Pavel Kolobkov (b. 1969)
21 Jan 2020 - Oleg Matytsin (b. 1964)
Construction, Housing, and Communal Services
27 Nov 1991 Ministry of Architecture, Construction, and Communal Services
30 Sep 1992 State Committee for Construction and Architecture
12 Jul 1994 Ministry of Construction and Architecture
17 Mar 1997 State Committee for Construction and Architecture
30 Apr 1998 Ministry of Land Policy, Construction, and Communal Services
22 Sep 1998 - 9 Apr 2004 State Committee for Construction, Architecture, and
Housing Policy
1 Nov 2013 Ministry of Construction, Housing, and Communal Services
Chairman of the State Committee
7 Aug 1991 - 26 Nov 1991 Aleksey Poryadin (b. 1938 - d. 2008)
Minister
27 Nov 1991 - 30 Sep 1992 Boris Furmanov (b. 1936 - d. 2022)
Chairman of the State Committee
30 Sep 1992 - 12 Jul 1994 Yefim Basin (b. 1940)
Minister
12 Jul 1994 - 17 Mar 1997 Yefim Basin (s.a.)
Chairman of the State Committee
17 Mar 1997 - 30 Apr 1998 Yefim Basin (s.a.)
Minister
5 May 1998 - 22 Sep 1998 Ilya Yuzhanov (b. 1960)
Chairmen of the State Committee
22 Sep 1998 - 7 Oct 1998 Ilya Yuzhanov (s.a.)
7 Oct 1998 - 15 Jun 1999 Yefim Basin (s.a.)
15 Jun 1999 - 30 Oct 2002 Anvar Shamuzafarov (b. 1952)
30 Oct 2002 - 9 Apr 2004 Nikolay Koshman (b. 1944)
Ministers
1 Nov 2013 - 18 May 2018 Mikhail Men (b. 1960)
18 May 2018 - 10 Nov 2020 Vladimir Yakushev (b. 1968)
10 Nov 2020 - Irek Fayzullin (b. 1962)
Commonwealth of Independent States Affairs
10 Jan 1994 Ministry of Cooperation with Members of the Commonwealth
of Independent States
30 Apr 1998 abolished
22 Sep 1998 reestablished as Ministry of Commonwealth of Independent
States Affairs
17 May 2000 abolished
Ministers
10 Jan 1994 - 16 Feb 1995 Vladimir Mashits (acting) (b. 1953 - d. 2019)
16 Feb 1995 - 22 Aug 1996 Valery Serov (b. 1940)
22 Aug 1996 - 1 Jul 1997 Aman Tuleyev (b. 1944 - d. 2023)
28 Aug 1997 - 30 Apr 1998 Anatoly Adamishin (b. 1934)
25 Sep 1998 - 25 May 1999 Boris Pastukhov (b. 1933 - d. 2021)
25 May 1999 - 17 May 2000 Leonid Drachevsky (b. 1942)
Crimea Affairs
Minister
31 Mar 2014 - 15 Jul 2015 Oleg Savelyev (b. 1965)
North Caucasus Affairs
Ministers
12 May 2014 - 18 May 2018 Lev Kuznetsov (b. 1965)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Sergey Chebotaryov (b. 1971)
Government Apparatus
Ministers - Heads of the Government Apparatus (chiefs of staff)
24 Dec 1991 - 11 Jan 1993 Aleksey Golovkov (b. 1956 - d. 2009)
11 Jan 1993 - 11 Nov 1994 Vladimir Kvasov (b. 1936)
15 Nov 1994 - 23 Mar 1998 Vladimir Babichev (b. 1939 - d. 2010)
8 May 1998 - 28 Aug 1998 Nikolay Khvatkov (b. 1948)
28 Aug 1998 - 14 Sep 1998 Igor Shabdurasulov (acting) (b. 1957)
14 Sep 1998 - 14 May 1999 Yury Zubakov (b. 1944 - d. 2022)
14 May 1999 - 25 May 1999 Mstislav Afanasyev (acting) (b. 1967)
25 May 1999 - 19 Aug 1999 Andrey Chernenko (b. 1953)
19 Aug 1999 - 18 May 2000 Dmitry Kozak (1st time) (b. 1958)
18 May 2000 - 28 May 2003 Igor Shuvalov (b. 1967)
28 May 2003 - 9 Mar 2004 Konstantin Merzlikin (b. 1965)
9 Mar 2004 - 13 Sep 2004 Dmitry Kozak (2nd time) (s.a.)
13 Sep 2004 - 12 May 2008 Sergey Naryshkin (b. 1954)
12 May 2008 - 21 Oct 2010 Sergey Sobyanin (b. 1958)
21 Oct 2010 - 27 Dec 2011 Vyacheslav Volodin (b. 1964)
27 Dec 2011 - 21 May 2012 Anton Vaino (b. 1972)
21 May 2012 - 8 May 2013 Vladislav Surkov (b. 1964)
8 May 2013 - 18 May 2018 Sergey Prikhodko (b. 1957 - d. 2021)
(acting to 22 May 2013)
18 May 2018 - 21 Jan 2020 Konstantin Chuychenko (b. 1965)
21 Jan 2020 - Dmitry Grigorenko (b. 1978)
Federal Security Service
5 May 1991 Committee of State Security
26 Nov 1991 Federal Security Agency
24 Jan 1992 Ministry of Security
21 Dec 1993 Federal Counterintelligence Service
12 Apr 1995 Federal Security Service
Chairman
5 May 1991 - 26 Nov 1991 Viktor Ivanenko (b. 1947 - d. 2023)
(acting to 5 Aug 1991)
Directors (24 Jan 1992 - 21 Dec 1993, ministers)
26 Nov 1991 - 15 Jan 1992 Viktor Ivanenko (s.a.)
15 Jan 1992 - 28 Jul 1993 Viktor Barannikov (b. 1940 - d. 1995)
28 Jul 1993 - 3 Mar 1994 Nikolay Golushko (b. 1937)
3 Mar 1994 - 30 Jun 1995 Sergey Stepashin (b. 1952)
30 Jun 1995 - 24 Jul 1995 Anatoly Safonov (acting) (b. 1945)
24 Jul 1995 - 9 Jul 1996 Mikhail Barsukov (b. 1947)
9 Jul 1996 - 25 Jul 1998 Nikolay Kovalev (b. 1949 - d. 2019)
25 Jul 1998 - 9 Aug 1999 Vladimir Putin (b. 1952)
9 Aug 1999 - 12 May 2008 Nikolay Patrushev (b. 1951)
12 May 2008 - Aleksandr Bortnikov (b. 1951)
Security Council
Secretaries
3 Apr 1992 - 11 Jun 1993 Yury Skokov (b. 1938 - d. 2013)
11 Jun 1993 - 18 Sep 1993 Yevgeny Shaposhnikov (b. 1942 - d. 2020)
18 Sep 1993 - 18 Jun 1996 Oleg Lobov (b. 1937 - d. 2018)
18 Jun 1996 - 19 Oct 1996 Aleksandr Lebed (b. 1950 - d. 2002)
19 Oct 1996 - 2 Mar 1998 Ivan Rybkin (b. 1946)
3 Mar 1998 - 14 Sep 1998 Andrey Kokoshin (b. 1945)
14 Sep 1998 - 29 Mar 1999 Nikolay Bordyuzha (b. 1949)
29 Mar 1999 - 9 Aug 1999 Vladimir Putin (b. 1952)
9 Aug 1999 - 15 Nov 1999 Vladislav Sherstyuk (acting) (b. 1940)
15 Nov 1999 - 28 Mar 2001 Sergey Ivanov (b. 1953)
28 Mar 2001 - 9 Mar 2004 Vladimir Rushailo (b. 1954)
9 Mar 2004 - 18 Jul 2007 Igor Ivanov (b. 1945)
18 Jul 2007 - 12 May 2008 Valentin Sobolev (acting) (b. 1947)
12 May 2008 - Nikolay Patrushev (b. 1951)
External Intelligence Service
Directors
26 Dec 1991 - 9 Jan 1996 Yevgeny Primakov (b. 1929 - d. 2015)
10 Jan 1996 - 21 May 2000 Vyacheslav Trubnikov (b. 1944 - d. 2022)
21 May 2000 - 5 Oct 2007 Sergey Lebedev (b. 1948)
7 Oct 2007 - 5 Oct 2016 Mikhail Fradkov (b. 1950)
5 Oct 2016 - Sergey Naryshkin (b. 1954)
Administration of the President
Heads
19 Jul 1991 - 19 Jan 1993 Yury Petrov (b. 1939 - d. 2013)
19 Jan 1993 - 22 Feb 1996 Sergey Filatov (b. 1936 - d. 2023)
22 Feb 1996 - 16 Jul 1996 Nikolay Yegorov (b. 1951 - d. 1997)
16 Jul 1996 - 9 Mar 1997 Anatoly Chubais (b. 1955)
9 Mar 1997 - 7 Dec 1998 Valentin Yumashev (b. 1957)
7 Dec 1998 - 19 Mar 1999 Nikolay Bordyuzha (b. 1949)
19 Mar 1999 - 30 Oct 2003 Aleksandr Voloshin (b. 1956)
30 Oct 2003 - 14 Nov 2005 Dmitry Medvedev (b. 1965)
14 Nov 2005 - 12 May 2008 Sergey Sobyanin (b. 1958)
12 May 2008 - 20 Dec 2011 Sergey Naryshkin (b. 1954)
20 Dec 2011 - 22 Dec 2011 Vladislav Surkov (acting) (b. 1964)
22 Dec 2011 - 12 Aug 2016 Sergey Ivanov (b. 1953)
12 Aug 2016 - Anton Vaino (b. 1972)
Department for Presidential Affairs
Jul 1991 established as Property Department of Administration of the
President
Nov 1993 separated from the Administration of the President
Managers
Nov 1993 - 12 Jan 2000 Pavel Borodin (b. 1946)
12 Jan 2000 - 12 May 2014 Vladimir Kozhin (b. 1959)
12 May 2014 - Aleksandr Kolpakov
Federal Protection Service
Dec 1991 Main Protection Department
19 Jun 1996 Federal Protection Service
Heads
Dec 1991 - Jun 1992 Vladimir Redkoborody (b. 1937)
12 Jun 1992 - 24 Jul 1995 Mikhail Barsukov (b. 1947)
24 Jul 1995 - 18 May 2000 Yury Krapivin (b. 1947 - d. 2015)
18 May 2000 - 26 May 2016 Yevgeny Murov (b. 1948)
26 May 2016 - Dmitry Kochnev (b. 1964)
Presidential Security Service
2 Jul 1996 subordinated to Federal Protection Service
1996 renamed Department of Presidential Security
Apr 2000 renamed Presidential Security Service
Heads
3 Sep 1991 - 20 Jun 1996 Aleksandr Korzhakov (b. 1950)
20 Jun 1996 - Aug 1996 Yury Krapivin (acting) (b. 1947 - d. 2015)
Aug 1996 - Jan 2000 Anatoly Kuznetsov (b. 1957)
Apr 2000 - 18 Sep 2013 Viktor Zolotov (b. 1954)
18 Sep 2013 - Dec 2015 Oleg Klimentyev
Dec 2015 - 26 May 2016 Dmitry Kochnev (b. 1964)
Independent agencies
Prosecutor General's Office
Prosecutors General
27 Jun 1990 - 26 Nov 1990 Nikolay Trubin (b. 1931)
28 Feb 1991 - 5 Oct 1993 Valentin Stepankov (b. 1951)
5 Oct 1993 - 26 Apr 1994 Aleksey Kazannik (b. 1941 - d. 2019)
(suspended from 26 Feb 1994)
26 Feb 1994 - 8 Oct 1995 Aleksey Ilyushenko (acting) (b. 1957)
8 Oct 1995 - 24 Oct 1995 Oleg Gaidanov (acting)
24 Oct 1995 - 19 Apr 2000 Yury Skuratov (b. 1952)
(suspended from 2 Apr 1999)
2 Apr 1999 - 6 Aug 1999 Yury Chaika (b. 1951)
(acting for Skuratov)
6 Aug 1999 - 2 Jun 2006 Vladimir Ustinov (b. 1953)
(acting to 17 May 2000 [for Skuratov to 19 Apr 2000])
2 Jun 2006 - 23 Jun 2006 Yury Biryukov (acting) (b. 1948)
23 Jun 2006 - 22 Jan 2020 Yury Chaika (s.a.)
22 Jan 2020 - Igor Krasnov (b. 1975)
Central Bank
Chairmen
25 Dec 1990 - 17 Jul 1992 Georgy Matyukhin (b. 1934)
17 Jul 1992 - 18 Oct 1994 Viktor Gerashchenko (1st time) (b. 1937)
(acting to 4 Nov 1992)
18 Oct 1994 - 8 Nov 1995 Tatyana Paramonova (f) (acting) (b. 1950)
8 Nov 1995 - 22 Nov 1995 Aleksandr Khandruyev (acting) (b. 1945)
22 Nov 1995 - 11 Sep 1998 Sergey Dubinin (b. 1950)
11 Sep 1998 - 20 Mar 2002 Viktor Gerashchenko (2nd time) (s.a.)
20 Mar 2002 - 24 Jun 2013 Sergey Ignatyev (b. 1948)
24 Jun 2013 - Elvira Nabiullina (f) (b. 1963)
Supreme Court
Chairmen
26 Jul 1989 - 23 Feb 2024 Vyacheslav Lebedev (b. 1943 - d. 2024)
24 Feb 2024 - Pyotr Serkov (acting) (b. 1955)
Supreme Arbitration Court
6 Aug 2014 merged into Supreme Court
Chairmen
23 Jan 1992 - 26 Jan 2005 Veniamin Yakovlev (b. 1932 - d. 2018)
26 Jan 2005 - 6 Aug 2014 Anton Ivanov (b. 1965)
Constitutional Court
Chairmen
1 Nov 1991 - 6 Oct 1993 Valery Zorkin (1st time) (b. 1943)
6 Oct 1993 - 13 Feb 1995 Nikolay Vitruk (acting) (b. 1937 - d. 2012)
13 Feb 1995 - 20 Feb 1997 Vladimir Tumanov (b. 1926 - d. 2011)
20 Feb 1997 - 21 Feb 2003 Marat Baglay (b. 1931 - d. 2024)
21 Feb 2003 - Valery Zorkin (2nd time) (s.a.)
Central Electoral Commission
Chairmen
23 Sep 1993 - 14 Nov 1996 Nikolay Ryabov (b. 1946)
14 Nov 1996 - 24 Mar 1999 Aleksandr Ivanchenko (b. 1954)
24 Mar 1999 - 27 Mar 2007 Aleksandr Veshnyakov (b. 1952)
27 Mar 2007 - 28 Mar 2016 Vladimir Churov (b. 1953 - d. 2023)
28 Mar 2016 - Ella Pamfilova (f) (b. 1953)
Audit Chamber
Chairmen
17 Jan 1994 - 19 Apr 2000 Khachim Karmokov (b. 1941 - d. 2023)
19 Apr 2000 - 20 Sep 2013 Sergey Stepashin (b. 1952)
20 Sep 2013 - 17 May 2018 Tatyana Golikova (f) (b. 1966)
22 May 2018 - Aleksey Kudrin (b. 1960)
Human Rights Representative
Representatives
17 Jan 1994 - 10 Mar 1995 Sergey Kovalev (b. 1930 - d. 2021)
22 May 1998 - 13 Feb 2004 Oleg Mironov (b. 1939 - d. 2020)
13 Feb 2004 - 18 Mar 2014 Vladimir Lukin (b. 1937)
18 Mar 2014 - 25 Mar 2016 Ella Pamfilova (f) (b. 1953)
22 Apr 2016 - Tatyana Moskalkova (f) (b. 1955)
Parliament
Supreme Council
21 Sep 1993 Supreme Council dissolved by presidential decree;
not recognized by Supreme Council
4 Oct 1993 decree enforced
Chairmen
29 May 1990 - 10 Jul 1991 Boris Yeltsin (b. 1931 - d. 2007)
10 Jul 1991 - 4 Oct 1993 Ruslan Khasbulatov (b. 1942 - d. 2023)
(acting to 29 Oct 1991)
Federation Council
Chairmen
13 Jan 1994 - 23 Jan 1996 Vladimir Shumeyko (b. 1945)
23 Jan 1996 - 5 Dec 2001 Yegor Stroyev (b. 1937)
5 Dec 2001 - 18 May 2011 Sergey Mironov (b. 1953)
18 May 2011 - 21 Sep 2011 Aleksandr Torshin (acting) (b. 1953)
21 Sep 2011 - Valentina Matvienko (f) (b. 1949)
State Duma
Chairmen
14 Jan 1994 - 17 Jan 1996 Ivan Rybkin (b. 1946)
17 Jan 1996 - 29 Dec 2003 Gennady Seleznyov (b. 1947 - d. 2015)
29 Dec 2003 - 21 Dec 2011 Boris Gryzlov (b. 1950)
21 Dec 2011 - 5 Oct 2016 Sergey Naryshkin (b. 1954)
5 Oct 2016 - Vyacheslav Volodin (b. 1964)
Political parties
Communist Party
15 Mar 1898 Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party
23 Aug 1903 Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party of Bolsheviks
6 Mar 1918 Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks
20 Dec 1925 All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks,
no branch established in Russian S.F.S.R.
12 Oct 1952 Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU)
20 Jun 1990 Communist Party of Russian S.F.S.R. established as a branch
of CPSU
23 Aug 1991 activities of the party suspended
6 Nov 1991 party banned
30 Nov 1992 party legalized under ruling of Constitutional Court
13 Feb 1993 reestablished as Communist Party of the Russian Federation
Chairmen of the Central Committee
23 Jun 1990 - 6 Aug 1991 Ivan Polozkov (b. 1935)
6 Aug 1991 - 23 Aug 1991 Valentin Kuptsov (b. 1937)
13 Feb 1993 - Gennady Zyuganov (b. 1944)
(chairman Central Executive Committee to 21 Jan 1995)
1 Jul 2004 - 3 Aug 2004 Vladimir Tikhonov (b. 1947)
(in opposition)
Liberal-Democratic Party
31 Mar 1990 Liberal-Democratic Party of Soviet Union established
1992 Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia
Chairmen
31 Mar 1990 - 6 Apr 2022 Vladimir Zhirinovsky (b. 1946 - d. 2022)
27 May 2022 - Leonid Slutsky (b. 1968)
United Russia
28 Dec 1999 "Unity" Public Movement established
27 May 2000 "Unity" becomes a party
1 Dec 2001 "Unity" merges with public movements "Fatherland" and
"All Russia" to form United Russia Party
Leader
28 Dec 1999 - 1 Dec 2001 Sergey Shoigu (b. 1955)
Chairmen of the Supreme Council
1 Dec 2001 - 20 Nov 2002 Sergey Shoigu (s.a.)
+ Yury Luzhkov (b. 1936 - d. 2019)
+ Mintimer Shaymiyev (b. 1937)
(co-chairmen)
20 Nov 2002 - Boris Gryzlov (b. 1950)
Chairmen
7 May 2008 - 26 May 2012 Vladimir Putin (b. 1952)
26 May 2012 - Dmitry Medvedev (b. 1965)
Yabloko
5 Jan 1995 Yabloko Alliance
23 Dec 2001 Russian Democratic Party Yabloko
Chairmen
5 Jan 1995 - 22 Jun 2008 Grigory Yavlinsky (b. 1952)
22 Jun 2008 - 20 Dec 2015 Sergey Mitrokhin (b. 1963)
20 Dec 2015 - 15 Dec 2019 Emilia Slabunova (f) (b. 1958)
15 Dec 2019 - Nikolay Rybakov (b. 1978)
Party of Growth
20 May 2000 Union of Rightist Forces Public Movement
26 May 2001 Union of Rightist Forces becomes a party
16 Nov 2008 merged with Civil Force and Democratic Party of Russia
to form Right Cause
26 Mar 2016 renamed Party of Growth
Co-chairmen
20 May 2000 - 29 Dec 2001 Sergey Kiriyenko (b. 1962)
20 May 2000 - 29 Dec 2001 Lyubov Glebova (f) (b. 1960)
(acting for Kiriyenko)
20 May 2000 - 24 Jan 2004 Anatoly Chubais (b. 1955)
20 May 2000 - 24 Jan 2004 Yegor Gaidar (b. 1956 - d. 2009)
20 May 2000 - 24 Jan 2004 Irina Khakamada (f) (b. 1955)
20 May 2000 - 24 Jan 2004 Boris Nemtsov (b. 1959 - d. 2015)
Secretary of the Federal Political Council
18 Mar 2004 - 28 May 2005 Viktor Nekrutenko (b. 1951)
Chairmen of the Federal Political Council
28 May 2005 - 26 Sep 2008 Nikita Belykh (b. 1975)
26 Sep 2008 - 15 Nov 2008 Leonid Gozman (acting) (b. 1950)
Co-chairmen
16 Nov 2008 - 25 Jun 2011 Leonid Gozman (s.a.)
+ Boris Titov (to 24 Dec 2009) (b. 1960)
+ Georgy Bovt (b. 1960)
Chairmen
25 Jun 2011 - 15 Sep 2011 Mikhail Prokhorov (b. 1965)
15 Sep 2011 - Dec 2012 Andrey Dunayev (b. 1977)
(acting to 24 Feb 2012)
Dec 2012 - 29 Feb 2016 Vyacheslav Maratkanov (b. 1975)
(acting to 31 Oct 2015)
29 Feb 2016 - Boris Titov (s.a.)
Democratic Choice of Russia
12 Jun 1994 established as party
19 May 2001 merged into Union of Rightist Forces
Chairman
12 Jun 1994 - 19 May 2001 Yegor Gaidar (s.a.)
A Just Russia
8 Oct 2002 Party of Russian Regions established
15 Feb 2004 renamed "Motherland" (Rodina)
28 Oct 2006 merged with Party of Pensioners and Party of Life to form
A Just Russia
Co-chairmen
8 Oct 2002 - 6 Jul 2004 Oleg Denisov (b. 1966)
8 Oct 2002 - 6 Jul 2004 Oleg Kutafin (b. 1937 - d. 2008)
8 Oct 2002 - 6 Jul 2004 Yury Skokov (b. 1938 - d. 2013)
8 Oct 2002 - 6 Jul 2004 Shamil Sultanov (b. 1952)
8 Oct 2002 - 6 Jul 2004 Valentin Chistyakov
3 Jun 2003 - 15 Feb 2004 Sergey Glazyev (b. 1961)
15 Feb 2004 - 6 Jul 2004 Viktor Gerashchenko (b. 1937)
15 Feb 2004 - 6 Jul 2004 Dmitry Rogozin (b. 1963)
Chairmen
6 Jul 2004 - 25 Mar 2006 Dmitry Rogozin (s.a.)
25 Mar 2006 - 28 Oct 2006 Aleksandr Babakov (b. 1963)
28 Oct 2006 - 16 Apr 2011 Sergey Mironov (1st time) (b. 1953)
16 Apr 2011 - 27 Oct 2013 Nikolay Levichev (b. 1953)
27 Oct 2013 - Sergey Mironov (2nd time) (s.a.)
Labour unions
Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia
Chairmen
Mar 1990 - Oct 1993 Igor Klochkov (b. 1939)
Oct 1993 - Mikhail Shmakov (b. 1949)